日粮中不同水平甜高粱对育肥牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵及屠宰性能的影响

Effects of different levels of sweet sorghum in basic diet on growth performance,rumen fermentation,and slaughtering performance of fattening cattle

文章旨在研究日粮不同水平甜高粱(Sugar Grass,SG)对育肥牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵及屠宰性能的影响。试验将80头健康状况良好,体重相近[(408.65±32.61)kg]的西门塔尔肉牛随机分为4组,每组20头。对照组参考NRC肉牛营养需要配制基础日粮,其余3组分别用33.3%(SGⅠ组)、66.7%(SGⅡ组)、100%(SGⅢ组)的甜高粱替代基础日粮中的玉米秸秆。预饲期7 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,SGⅡ组末重、平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05);与对照组相比,SGⅡ、SGⅢ组料重比显著降低(P<0.05);(2)与对照组相比,SGⅠ、SGⅡ、SGⅢ组总挥发性脂肪酸浓度有上升趋势(P<0.10);SGⅠ组丙酸浓度显著低于对照组、SGⅢ组(P<0.05);(3)SGⅡ组宰前活重、胴体重显著高于对照组(P<0.05);SGⅡ、SGⅢ组净肉重显著高于对照组(P<0.05);SGⅡ组眼肌面积显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:用66.7%的甜高粱替代基础日粮中的玉米秸秆能提高育肥牛的生长性能和屠宰性能。

This experiment aims to investigate the effects of different levels of sweet sorghum(SG)in the basic diet on the growth performance,rumen fermentation,and slaughter performance of fattening cattle.Select 80 Simmental beef cattle with good health and similar weight(408.65±32.61kg),and randomly divide them into 4 groups,with 20 cows in each group.Among them,the control group was allocated a basic diet based on the nutritional requirements of NRC beef cattle,while the other three groups were replaced with 33.3%(SG I group),66.7%(SG II group),and 100%(SG III group)of sweet sorghum in the basic diet.The pre trial period is 7 days,and the trial period is 60 days.Result:(1)Compared with the control group,the SG II group showed a significant increase in final weight and average daily gain(P<0.05);Compared with the control group,the feed to weight ratio of SG II and SG III groups was significantly reduced(P<0.05);(2)Compared with the control group,the total volatile fatty acid concentrations in SG I,SG II,and SG III groups showed an upward trend(P<0.10);The concentration of propionic acid in SG I group was significantly lower than that in the control group and SG III group(P<0.05);(3)The live weight and carcass weight before slaughter in the SG II group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);The net meat weight of SG II and SG III groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);The eye muscle area of SG II group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Replacing corn straw in the basal diet with 66.7%sweet sorghum can improve the growth performance and slaughter performance of fattening cattle.