地中海模式对构建南海海域环境合作保护机制的启示

Insights from the Mediterranean Model for Constructing a Cooperative Environmental Protection Mechanism in the South China Sea Region

地中海环境保护合作模式是区域海洋环境保护中的成功范例之一,南海与地中海在地理环境以及人文政治环境方面有较多相似之处,借鉴其成功经验,有助于推动南海海域环境保护合作机制的建立。南海海域因缺乏具有法律约束力的区域性公约、组织机构重叠以及周边各国合作意愿不强导致的海洋环境保护合作效果不佳的问题,可借鉴地中海模式,通过设立“综合-分立”的法律框架,建立科学合理的组织机构,在贯彻“认知共同体”理念下吸引各方广泛参与,保障南海海域环境保护合作的顺利开展。

The environmental protection cooperation model in the Mediterranean is a successful example in regional marine environmental protection.Given the geographical and socio-political similarities between the South China Sea and the Mediterranean,drawing on the successful experiences of the latter could facilitate the establishment of an environmental protection cooperation mechanism in the South China Sea region.Challenges such as the lack of legally binding regional conventions,overlapping organizational structures,and weak cooperation willingness among neighboring countries have led to unsatisfactory outcomes in marine environmental protection cooperation in the South China Sea.By adopting the Mediterranean model,a“comprehensive-separate”legal framework can be established,along with the creation of scientifically sound organizational structures.Embracing the concept of a“cognitive community”,broad participation from all parties can be encouraged,ensuring the smooth implementation of environmental protection cooperation in the South China Sea.