大数据发展对企业绿色技术选择的影响研究——基于我国上市公司年报的文本分析

The Impact of Big Data Development on Corporate Green Technology Selection:Text Analysis Based on Annual Reports of Listed Companies in China

绿色技术进步是绿色经济发展的核心动力,大数据发展对企业绿色技术选择的作用效果不断增强。采用我国2011—2020年上市公司面板数据,通过Python软件对我国上市公司年报进行匹配与抓取,利用变异系数法处理上市公司年报关键词并构建大数据发展综合指标,采用绿色专利规模和绿色专利占比两个指标表征企业的绿色技术选择,实证检验大数据发展对企业绿色技术选择的影响效应。研究发现,大数据发展能够显著优化企业绿色技术选择,绿色投资、智力资本和研发投入是其中的重要作用机制,该影响效应在区域、产权、管理者短视主义等多个维度中存在较为明显的异质性。研究结论在替换核心解释变量、改变样本时间范围、进行工具变量回归等多种稳健性检验中依然成立。研究结论在一定程度上能够为激发大数据潜能和制定绿色生产决策提供重要的参考依据。

Green technological progress is the core driving force of green economic development,and the effect of Big Data development on the selection of green technologies is being continuously enhanced.This paper uses the panel data of Chinese listed companies from 2011 to 2020,matches and captures the annual reports of listed companies in China through Python software,uses the coefficient of variation method to process the keyword frequency of annual corporate reports to construct a comprehensive index of Big Data development,and adopts the two indexes of green patent scale and green patent ratio to characterize the green technology selection to empirically test the impact of Big Data development on green technology selection.The research finds that Big Data development can significantly optimize green technology selection,and green investment,intellectual capital,and R&D investment are important mechanisms.Big Data s effect has significant heterogeneity in terms of enterprise property rights,manager myopia,and economic policy uncertainty.The research conclusion is still valid in various robustness tests such as replacing the core explanatory variable,changing the sample time range,and using instrumental regression.The research conclusion can provide important guidance for tapping the potential of Big Data in making green production decisions.