数字金融使用对农村家庭财务脆弱性的影响研究——基于中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)的实证分析

Study On The Impact Of Digital Finance Use On Financial Vulnerability Of Rural Households——Empirical Analysis Based on the Chinese Household Finance Survey

做好农村家庭财务风险的防范工作是防范化解重大金融风险的重要环节。文章基于中国家庭金融调查数据,以农村家庭为研究对象,探究数字金融使用对农村家庭财务脆弱性的影响。研究发现,农户使用数字金融能够显著降低家庭财务脆弱性。机制分析表明,数字金融使用通过促进农村家庭的非农就业和创业水平、提升农村家庭的金融素养和保险参与间接降低农村家庭财务脆弱性,而通过增加农村家庭的相对收入和净资产,直接降低农村家庭财务脆弱性。异质性分析表明,数字金融使用对农村家庭财务脆弱性的边际效应在不同特征的家庭之间存在“数字鸿沟”,且不同数字金融使用类型对农村家庭财务脆弱性的影响也有所不同,其中值得注意的是,数字借贷反而提高了农村家庭发生财务脆弱的概率。因此,应持续深入推进农村数字金融的发展,结合农村地方情况“因地制宜”发展数字金融,同时加强对农村数字金融发展和网络信息安全的监管,为农村数字金融的发展保驾护航。

To prevent financial risks of rural families is an important link to prevent and resolve major financial risks.Based on Chi-nese household finance survey data,this paper takes rural households as research objects to explore the impact of digital finance use on rural households’financial vulnerability.The study found that the use of digital finance by farmers can significantly reduce household financial vulnerability.Mechanism analysis shows that the use of digital finance indirectly reduces the financial vulnera-bility of rural households by promoting non-agricultural employment and entrepreneurship levels of rural households,improving their financial literacy and insurance participation,and directly reduces the financial vulnerability of rural households by increas-ing their relative income and net worth.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the marginal effect of digital financial use on rural house-hold financial vulnerability exists in the“digital gap”among households with different characteristics,and the impact of different types of digital financial use on rural household financial vulnerability is also different.The conclusion of this paper provides policy reference for the use of digital finance to serve the development of rural areas and prevent and resolve the financial risks of rural families.