论互联网平台信息权力的竞争风险治理

On the Competitive Risk Governance of Information Power on Internet Platform

信息权力是数据权力的本质,对市场秩序与公众控制具有一定的影响力。信息权力也是互联网平台的核心权力,是因信息集中而产生的一种新型权力形式。其中,信息的排他性、学习效应与网络效应属于影响市场竞争的因素。互联网平台滥用信息权力,将产生经营者集中、排他行为与价格歧视等现象,涉及经营者集中、横向联合行为以及滥用市场支配地位等三个方面的竞争法适用问题,域外各国也对此进行了积极的实践。我国竞争法也需在立法与执法等多方面进行应对。一方面,竞争法应当对相关规则进行适当改造,重构相关市场的界定机制与经营者集中的审查规则,并扩展竞争法规制信息权力的思路。另一方面,规制互联网平台的信息权力,还需要兼顾个人信息保护、消费者权益保护与算法技术发展等多方的利益。

Information power is the essence of data power,which has a certain influence on market order and public control.Information power is also the core power of the Internet platform,a new form of power resulting from the cen-tralization of information.Information exclusivity,learning effect and network effect are the factors that affect market competition.The abuse of information power by Internet platforms will lead to the phenomenon of concentration of op-erators,exclusive behavior and price discrimination,involving the application of the Competition Law in three aspects:concentration of operators,horizontal joint behavior and abuse of market dominance.Countries outside the region have also carried out positive practices in this regard.China's Competition Law also needs to be dealt with in many aspects such as legislation and enforcement.On the one hand,the Competition Law should properly reform the relevant rules,reconstruct the mechanism of defining the relevant market and the rules of examining the concentration of operators,and expand the ideas of the Competition Law to regulate information power.On the other hand,regulating the informa-tion power of Internet platforms also needs to take into account the interests of various parties,such as personal infor-mation protection,consumer rights protection and algorithm technology development.