留置鼻空肠管对减少长期卧床的老年患者吸入性肺炎发生率的意义

Significance of Indwelling Nasointestinal Tube in Reducing the Incidence of Aspiration Pneumonia in Long-term Bedridden Elderly Patients

目的分析留置鼻空肠管对长期卧床老年患者吸入性肺炎发生率的影响。方法采用回顾性分析方法,选取2020年1月—2022年12月在肇庆市第一人民医院就诊的老年卧床患者80例,根据治疗方法不同分为观察组和对照组,每组40例;其中行留置鼻空肠管的为观察组(40例),行鼻胃管留置的为对照组(40例)。分析留置鼻空肠管对患者吸入性肺炎发生率、置管时间、不良反应发生率的影响。结果对照组老年卧床患者在接受早期肠内营养支持治疗的第7、14、21天吸入性肺炎的发生率分别为22.50%、20.00%、15.00%;观察组老年卧床患者在接受早期肠内营养支持治疗的第7、14、21天吸入性肺炎的发生率分别为5.00%、2.50%、0,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.505、4.507、5.165,P<0.05)。两组置管时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组不良反应发生率显著较观察组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论留置鼻空肠管有助于减少长期卧床的老年患者吸入性肺炎发生率。

Objective To analyze the effect of indwelling nasointestinal tube on the incidence of aspiration pneumonia in long-term bedridden elderly patients.Methods A retrospective analysis method was used to analyze,80 cases of elderly bedridden patients attending Zhaoqing First People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected and were divided into the observation group and the control group according to different treatment methods,40 cases in each group.Among them,those who performed indwelling nasointestinal tube were the observation group(40 cases),and those who performed indwelling nasogastric tube were the control group(40 cases).Analyzed the effect of indwelling nasointestinal tube on the incidence,the time of tube placement,and the incidence of adverse reactions of aspiration pneumonia.Results The incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the control group of elderly bedridden patients on the 7th,14th,and 21st day of receiving early enteral nutritional support therapy was 22.50%,20.00%,and 15.00%,respectively,the incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the 7th,14th,and 21st day of the elderly bedridden patients in the observation group receiving early enteral nutritional support was 5.00%,2.50%,and 0,respectively,and the difference was statistically siginificant(χ^(2)=4.505,4.507,5.165,P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between the time of tube placement in the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the control group was significantly higher than that in the observation group,and the difference was statistically siginificant(P<0.05).Conclusion Indwelling nasointestinal tube helps to reduce the incidence of aspiration pneumonia in long-term bedridden elderly patients.