我国中考体育方案的实施状况、总体特征与优化路径——以省级、副省级城市为例

The Implementation Status,Overall Characteristics,and Optimization Path of Sports Scheme of China’s High School Entrance Examination——Taking Provincial and Sub-provincial Cities as Examples

通过文献资料法、调查法、比较分析法和数理统计法,对19座省级、副省级城市的中考体育方案进行分析。发现,中考体育的分值设置有所提升,但较分散;分值权重有所增加,但较语数外仍有差距;必考项目+选考项目成为当前主流的项目设置模式;中考满分标准与国家标准接近,但整体低于国家标准。认为,中考体育分值和权重的提升成为必然趋势,“过程性评价+终结性评价”成为主流模式,多元化评价内容建构成为发展方向。未来中考体育要以体教融合为契机,推进中考体育方案改革;落实“双减”政策精神,完善过程性评价细则;增加技能类考试项目,合理设计项目考试方案;提升测试项目的满分标准,增加成绩评价的区分度。旨在更好推进中考体育改革,增进青少年体质健康。

Through the methods of literature,investigation,comparative analysis and mathematical statistics,this paper analyzes the sports scheme of high school entrance examination in 19 provincial and sub-provincial cities.It is found that the score value of sports in the high school entrance examination has been increased,but it is more dispersed;the score value weight has increased,but there is still a gap compared with the score of Chinese,mathematics and English;compulsory examination subjects+elective examination subjects has become the current mainstream setting mode;the full score standard of the high school entrance examination is close to the national standard,but the overall score is lower than the national standard.It is believed that the increase of sports scores and value in the high school entrance examination has become an inevitable trend,“process evaluation+summative evaluation”has become the mainstream mode,and the construction of diversified evaluation content has become the development direction.In the future,high school entrance sports examination should take the integration of sports and education as an opportunity to promote the reform of high school entrance examination sports scheme;implement the spirit of the“double reduction”policy and improve the detailed rules of process evaluation;increase the skill test items,and rationally design the test plan;improve the full score standard of test items and increase the discrimination of performance evaluation.