中老年人群负性情绪在视力问题与心理韧性间的中介效应分析

Mediating effect of negative emotions on visual impairment and resilience among middle-aged and elderly populations

目的了解中老年人群负性情绪在视力问题与心理韧性间的中介效应,为改善中老年人群心理健康提供依据。方法通过中国科学院心理研究所“玉树州居民身心健康状况调查”项目收集≥45岁调查对象的人口学信息和视力问题、负性情绪、心理韧性的评估资料;采用结构方程模型分析负性情绪在视力问题与心理韧性间的中介作用。结果收集2997人资料,其中男性1320人,占44.04%;女性1677人,占55.96%;年龄M(QR)为50.00(47.00)岁;文盲1627人,占54.29%;已婚2780人,占92.76%。视力问题评分为(6.79±2.59)分,负性情绪评分为(6.35±3.05)分,心理韧性评分为(33.38±10.41)分。结构方程模型分析结果显示,控制年龄、性别、文化程度和婚姻状况等因素,视力问题对心理韧性具有直接负向影响,直接效应为-0.157(95%CI:-0.177~-0.137);也可通过负性情绪间接负向影响中老年人的心理韧性,中介效应为-0.112(95%CI:-0.126~-0.104),中介效应对总效应的贡献率为41.64%。结论中老年人视力问题可直接降低心理韧性,也可通过负性情绪的中介作用间接降低心理韧性。

Objective To investigate the mediating effect of negative emotions on visual impairment and resilience among middle-aged and elderly populations,so as to provide insights into improving psychological health among middle�aged and elderly populations.Methods Demographic information,visual impairment,negative emotions and resilience in the residents at ages of 45 years and older were collected through the database of the Yushu Physical and Mental Health Survey carried out by Institute of Psychology of Chinese Academy of Sciences.Structural equation model was used to analyze the effects of visual impairment and resilience and the mediating role of negative emotions.Results Totally 2997 middle-aged and elderly populations were enrolled,with the median age of 50.00(interquartile range,47.00)years.There were 1320 males(44.04%)and 1677 females(55.96%),1627 illiterate persons(54.29%),and 2780 married persons(92.76%).The scores of visual impairment,negative emotions and resilience were(6.79±2.59),(6.35±3.05)and(33.38±10.41)points,respectively.The results of structural equation model analysis showed that after adjusting for age,gender,educational level and marital status,visual impairment had a direct negative positive effect on resilience,with a direct effect value of-0.157(95%CI:-0.177 to-0.137),and visual impairment could also negatively affect residence through negative emotions,with a mediating effect value of-0.112(95%CI:-0.126 to-0.104),and the mediating effect contributed 41.64%to the total effect.Conclusion visual impairment could reduce residence directly or indirectly through the mediating effect of negative emotions among middle-aged and elderly populations.