氢氧化镁-硼酸锌复合阻燃剂辅助制备产率高和电容性能优异的煤焦油沥青基多孔碳

Preparation of coal tar pitch-based porous carbon with high yield and excellent capacitive performance assisted by magnesium hydroxide-zinc borate composite flame retardant

以煤焦油沥青为前驱体,氢氧化镁-硼酸锌复合阻燃剂为助剂,直接在空气条件下高温碳化制备了煤沥青基多孔碳,并探究其电化学性能。得益于阻燃剂的阻燃协同其活化、掺杂功能化作用,得到了高产率(55.1%)、多原子(N、B、O)掺杂且具有分级多孔结构的多孔碳。将其作为超级电容器电极材料,在三电极体系中0.5 A·g^(-1)电流密度下比电容可达344 F·g^(-1)。此外,以制备的多孔碳和壳聚糖基氨基酸质子盐凝胶电解质组装的柔性对称电容器具有29.3 Wh·kg^(-1)的高能量密度,在50 000次循环后电容保持率为96.9%,且在-25~75℃温度区间内可正常工作,显示出宽的温度使用范围。

Coal tar pitch-based porous carbon was prepared by carbonizing the carbon source of coal tar pitch and flame retardant of magnesium hydroxide-zinc borate composite salt directly in the air,and its electrochemical performance was explored.Thanks to the synergistic effect of flame retardants on flame retardancy,activation,and doping functionalization,coal tar pitch-based porous carbon with high yield(55.1%),multi-heteroatom doping,and hierarchical structure was obtained.As the electrode material for supercapacitor,the specific capacitance can reach 344F·g^(-1)at a current density of 0.5 A·g^(-1)in a three-electrode system.In addition,the flexible capacitor assembled with the prepared porous carbon and chitosan amino acid proton salt gel electrolyte has an energy density of 29.3 Wh·kg^(-1),the capacitance remained 96.9% after 50 000 cycles,and it can work normally in the temperature range from-25 to 75 ℃,which had a wide operating temperature range.