上海市松江区某社区居民血清全氟化合物暴露特征研究

Study on serum perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure status of community residents in Songjiang District,Shanghai

【目的】研究上海市松江区社区居民血清全氟化合物(PFASs)暴露特征及可能的影响因素。【方法】于2021年8月招募上海市松江区某社区日常健康体检的居民作为研究对象,纳入成年居民,且长期(≥3年)在本地居住,无职业暴露史,无基础性疾病,排除妊娠期妇女及无法自主完成问卷的对象,签署知情同意书,完成问卷调查,并采集静脉血样本。使用超高效液相色谱仪串联三重四极杆质谱仪(UPLC-MS/MS)测定血清中15种PFASs含量,应用有序多分类logistic回归、四分位数间距(IQR)及风险比(OR)探究血清PFASs含量的影响因素及风险大小。【结果】15种PFASs中检出14种,其中7种PFASs检出率>50%。检出的PFASs中含量较高的有PFOS(全氟辛烷磺酸)、PFOA(全氟辛酸)和PFHxS(全氟己烷磺酸),中位浓度分别为48.61、37.29和36.51μg·L^(-1)。PFASs中PFDA和PFUnDA的相关性最强(r=0.93,P<0.05),其次是PFOS和PFDA(r=0.86,P<0.05)。年龄、塑料制品的使用频率、每天在室内的时间、个人年总收入、饮茶以及每天的饮水量为PFASs内暴露潜在的影响因素,其中,年龄与PFASs呈正相关;饮茶与PFNA、PFOA呈正相关;PFHpA与塑料制品的使用频率、个人年总收入呈负相关;PFOS与每天在室内的时间呈负相关。【结论】松江区社区居民血清PFASs暴露较为严重,主要成分为传统的PFOA、PFOS、PFHx,不同的社会人口学特征对血清中PFASs含量有不同程度的影响,该社区居民PFASs暴露对健康的影响值得探究。

[Objective]To investigate the characteristics of serum perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)exposure and potential influencing factors among community residents in Songjiang District,Shanghai.[Methods]In August 2021,residents who underwent routine health checkups in a community in Songjiang District,Shanghai were recruited as study subjects.The inclusion criteria were adult residents who had lived in the area for more than 3 years,had no occupational exposure history,no underlying diseases,were not pregnant,and were able to complete the questionnaire independently and sign the informed consent form.A questionnaire survey was conducted and venous blood samples were collected.The concentrations of 15 PFASs in serum were determined using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).Ordered multi-class logistic regression,interquartile range(IQR),and odds ratio(OR)were used to explore the influencing factors and risk magnitude of serum PFASs concentrations.[Results]Of the 15 PFASs,14 were detected,and the detection rates of 7 PFASs were higher than 50%.The highest detected concentrations among the PFASs were PFOS(perfluorooctane sulfonate),PFOA(perfluorooctanoic acid),and PFHxS(perfluorohexane sulfonate),with median concentrations of 48.61μg·L^(-1),37.29μg·L^(-1),and 36.51μg·L^(-1),respectively.The strongest correlation was between PFDA and PFUnDA(r=0.93,P<0.05),followed by PFOS and PFDA(r=0.86,P<0.05).Age,frequency of plastic product use,time spent indoors per day,personal annual income,tea consumption,and daily water intake were potential factors for exposure to PFASs.Among them,age was positively correlated with PFASs;tea consumption was positively correlated with PFNA and PFOA;PFHpA was negatively correlated with the frequency of plastic product use and personal annual income;and PFOS was negatively correlated with the time spent indoors per day.[Conclusion]The exposure to serum PFASs among community residents in Songjiang District was relatively serious,and the main components were traditional PFOA,PFOS,and PFHx.Different sociodemographic characteristics had varying degrees of influence on the concentrations of PFASs in serum.The impact of PFASs exposure on the health of community residents deserves further investigation.