部分国家地区食品中大麻素类化合物的监管进展

Regulatory status and research progress in the supervision of cannabinoid compounds in food in some countries and regions

结构上与四氢大麻酚(Δ-9-THC)相关的或可与大麻素受体结合的一组化合物统称为大麻素。大麻素可分为植物源性大麻素类、合成大麻素类、内源性大麻素类。Δ-9-THC是植物大麻素中唯一具有精神活性的化合物,国际上将Δ-9-THC>0.3%的大麻列为禁用毒品,Δ-9-THC<0.3%者列为工业大麻。后者因其成瘾性较低、商业价值较高被很多国家允许添加到食品中。越来越多的工业大麻食品受到热捧,关于大麻食品中大麻素类化合物检测分析显得尤为重要。除了在食品中得到广泛应用的工业大麻,还有各种新型毒品——合成大麻素伪装成常规食品,从而引发社会问题,增加食品安全风险。本文对部分国家与地区食品中大麻素类化合物的监管现状进行阐述,以促进国内大麻食品的安全监管。

A group of compounds structurally related to tetrahydrocannabinol or capable of binding to cannabinoid receptors are collectively referred to as cannabinoids.Cannabinoids can be divided into plant derived cannabinoids,synthetic cannabinoids,and endogenous cannabinoids.Δ-9-THC is the only psychoactive compound in plant cannabinoids.Cannabis with Δ-9-THC>0.3%is internationally listed as a prohibited drug,while cannabis with Δ-9-THC<0.3% is industrial cannabis.Due to its low addiction and high commercial value,it is allowed to be added to food in many countries.More and more industrial cannabis foods become popular,and the detection/analysis of cannabinoid compounds in cannabis foods is particularly important;In addition to industrial cannabis,which is widely used in food,there are also various new drugs,synthetic cannabinoids,disguised as conventional food,which can cause the social problems and increase the food safety risks.This article will elaborate on the regulatory status of cannabinoid compounds in food,In order to promote the safety supervision of the domestic cannabis food.