基于COMSOL的城轨弓网电弧多物理场仿真研究

Research on multiphysical field simulation of pantograph arc in urban rail transit based on COMSOL

弓网电弧产生的高温是烧蚀弓网系统材料的主要原因,研究弓网电弧发生机制,掌握弓网电弧温度分布规律,有助于减少电弧对弓网系统材料的烧蚀损伤,增加弓网系统服役寿命.文中基于磁流体动力学理论,根据弓网电弧数学模型设置相关初始条件,采用有限元软件COMSOL对弓网电弧数学模型进行求解,分析弓网电弧温度分布及电弧两极表面的温度分布,并探究弓网电弧持续时间与弓网电弧温度的关系.结果表明,弓网电弧中心区域温度最高,接触线表面温度远远超过接触线材料的熔点;弓网电弧持续时间与弓网电弧温度呈正相关.

The high temperature produced by the pantograph arc is the main reason for the ablation of the pantograph catenary system materials.Studying the mechanism of the pantograph arc and mastering the temperature distribution of the pantograph arc will help reduce the ablation of the arc on the pantograph catenary system materials and increase the service life of the pantograph catenary system.Based on the theory of magnetohydrodynamics,this paper establishes a mathematical model suitable for pantograph arc plasma by setting relevant initial conditions according to the mathematical model of pantograph arc and using the finite element software COMSOL to solve the mathematical model of pantograph arc,analyzes the temperature distribution of pantograph arc and the surface of the two poles of arc,and explores the relationship between the duration of pantograph arc and the temperature of pantograph arc.The results show that the temperature in the central area of the arc is the highest,the surface temperature of the contact wire far exceeds the melting point of the contact wire material,and the duration of the pantograph arc is positively correlated with the temperature of the pantograph arc.This work can provide a basis for reducing the number of arc occurrences in the pantograph and catenary,as well as the erosion effect of the arc on the pantograph and catenary materials.