汉中两汉三国不可移动文物空间格局与旅游开发模式探析

Spatial pattern and tourism development model of immovable cultural relics of Han and Three Kingdoms in Hanzhong City

汉中两汉三国不可移动文物是秦巴山区文化保护传承的重要内容和区域旅游业发展的核心资源.针对汉中两汉三国不可移动文物,基于地理学空间视角,借助GIS空间分析功能,运用最邻近指数、地理集中指数、核密度估计法研究其空间格局,探讨其旅游开发模式.结果表明,汉中两汉三国不可移动文物的空间格局与汉江、秦蜀古道呈强相关性;市域尺度的空间分布类型为集聚型,整体形成了以勉县、汉台区、城固县为核心的主密度圈和以南郑区、洋县、留坝县为核心的次密度圈,呈“内密-外疏”的空间格局;县域尺度的空间分布类型均为集聚型,但集聚化程度差异较大且空间异质性突出,层级性特征显著.基于汉中两汉三国不可移动文物的旅游开发现状,对具有文化关联性、空间格局规律性的汉中两汉三国不可移动文物,提出运用“国家文化公园”模式进行整体性旅游开发,构建多层级系统性的整体旅游开发空间格局策略.

The immovable cultural relics of Han and Three Kingdoms in Hanzhong City are an important part of cultural protection in Qinba Mountains,and also an important material carrier for regional cultural inheritance and tourism development.Research with the help of GIS spatial analysis functions,nearest neighbor index,kernel density estimation are used,taking immovable cultural relics of Han and Three Kingdoms in Hanzhong city as the research object,discusses their spatial pattern and its tourism development model.The results showed that:The spatial distribution of immovable cultural relics of Han and Three Kingdoms in Hanzhong City shows a strong correlation with the Han River and the Qin and Shu ancient roads;The urban spatial distribution of immovable cultural relics is agglomerated,forming the main density circle with Mian County,Hantai District and Chenggu County as the core and the sub-density circle with Nanzheng District,Yangxian and Liuba County as the core,it presents a spatial pattern of“inside dense and outside sparse”;The spatial distribution types of immovable cultural relics of Han and Three Kingdoms in each county of Hanzhong City are all agglomeration type,but the degree of agglomeration varies greatly,and the spatial heterogeneity of immovable cultural relics is prominent,the hierarchical characteristics are significant.Based on the spatial pattern and tourism development situation of immovable cultural relics of Han and Three Kingdoms in Hanzhong City,this paper proposes use the“National Cultural Park”model for overall tourism development for the culturally related immovable cultural relics of Han and Three Kingdoms,and builds multi-level systematic tourism development spatial pattern.