镁合金腐蚀机制与调控研究进展

Research progress in corrosion mechanism and regulation of magnesium alloys

镁及其合金凭借密度小、比强度高等优势,被誉为21世纪的绿色金属结构材料,在工业应用中展现出巨大的潜力。但是,较差的耐腐蚀性能始终是制约其广泛应用的关键问题。本文综述了镁合金的结构特征对其腐蚀行为的作用机制,分析了固溶元素、晶体取向、孪晶密度、第二相以及晶粒尺寸对镁合金耐腐蚀性能的影响;并分别从合金化、热处理工艺、变形工艺、表面改性以及第一性原理计算五个方面总结了现有的腐蚀调控手段。本文旨在为不同服役环境下的耐腐蚀镁合金的设计提供参考。

With the advantages of low density and high specific strength,magnesium(Mg)and Mg-based alloys are known as the green metal structural materials in the 21st century.Mg-based alloys also show great potential in industrial applications based on above superiorities.However,the undesirable corrosion resistance has long been a key impediment limiting the wide application of Mg-based alloys.This review expounds the mechanism of the characteristic structure of Mg-based alloys on their corrosion behavior,analyzes the effects of solid solution elements,crystal orientation,twin density,second phase,and grain size on the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys;also summarizes the existing means of corrosion regulation from five aspects:alloying,heat treatment process,deformation process,surface modification,and first-principle calculations.This review aims to provide a reference for Mg-based alloys with better corrosion resistance under different environments.