大型高地隙喷雾机喷杆减振试验与优化

Vibration Damping Test and Optimization of Spray Boom in Large-scale High Clearance Sprayer

针对大型高地隙喷雾机喷杆振动大、减振元件减振效果差的问题,采用二次正交旋转组合试验方法,对悬架上减振元件进行4因素3水平的田间振动试验,得到各因素对振动影响显著性及趋势变化。对减振组合参数进行优化和试验验证,得到最优减振组合:喷雾机行驶速度2.125 m/s、垂向弹簧刚度系数78.14 N/mm、垂向阻尼器复原阻尼系数8.23N·s/mm和水平阻尼器复原阻尼系数8.74 N·s/mm;优化后,喷杆行进方向振动加速度0~6 m/s~2区间占比85.26%、提高4%以上,翻滚倾角0~0.6°区间占比88.37%、提高4%以上,垂向振动加速度0~6 m/s~2区间占比87.96%、提高3%以上,喷杆的振动和翻滚明显减小。喷杆悬架减振组合试验和优化验证试验结果为喷雾机作业参数设置和减振元件参数选取提供参考。

In order to address issues of excessive spray boom in large-scale high clearance sprayer and poor damping effect of vibration damping elements,using test method of quadratic orthogonal rotation combination,field vibration tests with four factors and three levels were carried out on suspension damping elements,and significance and trend of each factor's influence on vibration were obtained.Para-meters of vibration damping combinations were optimized and experimentally validated.The optimal vibration damping combination was found to be a sprayer travel speed of 2.125 m/s,a vertical spring stiffness coefficient of 78.14 N/mm,a vertical damper restoring damp-ing coefficient of 8.23 N·s/mm,and a horizontal damper restoring damping coefficient of 8.74 N·s/mm.After optimization,percent-age of acceleration within the range of 0~6 m/s2 in the boom's direction of travel accounted for 85.26%,which was increased by more than 4%.Percentage within range of 0~0.6°for roll angle accounted for 88.37%,which was increased by more than 4%.And percent-age within range of 0~6 m/s2 for vertical direction acceleration accounted for 87.96%,which was increased by more than 3%.Combin-ation testing and optimization validation of boom suspension vibration damping elements could provide valuable references for setting op-erational parameters and selecting damping element parameters for sprayers.