论中国早期象征诗派中的黄昏意象

On the Image of Dusk in Early Chinese Symbolist Poetry

“黄昏”作为中国古典诗歌中的经典自然意象,在中国早期象征诗派的20年代诗歌作品中频频出现。当时的中国正经历着各类社会运动,光明与黑暗的斗争投射在新诗作品中,便呈现出“朝阳”与“黑夜”这两大意象的对立。这种狂热的社会氛围使得因在外留学而与当时社会产生一定隔膜的中国早期象征派诗人们难以彻底融入其中。“黄昏”作为白天与黑夜的过渡时间段,本身就具有一定的伤感颓废色彩。这与中国早期象征派诗人的情感意蕴不谋而合。中国早期象征派诗人在对中国古典“黄昏”意象进行继承的同时,又吸收了西方象征主义颓废诗风,并结合个人的现代感受和人生经历对该意象进行改造。这一改造体现出当时诗人对新世纪到来的焦虑和对时间静止的渴望,“黄昏”意象也由此成为中国早期象征派诗歌中一种具有时间意识和现代意味的诗性载体。

As a classic natural image in Chinese classical poetry,“dusk”frequently appeared in the early Chinese symbolist poetry of the 1920s.That age witnessed China undergoing various social movements,and its poetry abounded with images of“morning sun”and“night”.It was difficult for the early Chinese symbolist poets to accept this fanaticism,for they had studied abroad and were isolated from the society.As a transition from day to night,“dusk”carries the classical connotation of pathos and sadness,which is more in line with the feelings of the early Chinese symbolist poets.These poets inherited this image,absorbed the western symbolist decadence,and attempted to modify this image according to their modern sentiments and life experience.This embodied their anxiety about the imminent new era and their desire to stop the time.Therefore,for the early Chinese symbolist poets,the image of dusk was a modern poetic medium with an awareness of time.