某钨矿山含重金属废水的生物制剂工艺处理方法研究

Study on removing heavy metals from a tungsten mine wastewater using a biological agent method

以生物制剂处理法对某钨矿山含As、Mn、Cd、Cr、Pb、Zn等重金属离子的废水进行处理,通过工业试验评估其废水处理效果及环境效益,并探究生物制剂去除废水中重金属的作用机理。结果表明,该生物制剂处理含重金属废水的效果较好,处理后的废水各项指标远低于环境评价要求执行的广东省地方标准《水污染物排放限值》(DB44/26-2001)中第二时段的一级标准要求。在排放达标的基础上,该工艺每年可减排重金属As 12.09 t、Mn 10.42 t(以该钨矿山废水排放量4000 m^(3)/d为基准),其他重金属去除率在82%~97%之间。该方法通过含有大量羟基、巯基、羧基、氨基等功能基团的生物制剂,捕捉废水中的重金属离子并形成生物配合体,经水解、絮凝、沉降后固液分离,实现了废水中重金属的高效脱除。因此,生物制剂在处理矿山废水中具有较好的应用前景。

In this study,we applied a biological agent method to treat heavy metal-containing wastewater from a tungsten mine and evaluated the treatment effect and environmental benefits of this method based on industrial tests.The mechanism of action of this biological agent in the removal of heavy metals from wastewater was explored.The results showed that the biological agent method effectively removed heavy metals from wastewater,and all indicators of the treated wastewater met and were far lower than the first-level standard requirements in the second period of the“Guangdong Provincial Local Standard Water Pollutant Discharge Limits”(DB44/26-2001).Based on the standard discharge,this method can reduce the emission of 12.09 tons of the heavy metal arsenic and 10.42 tons of the heavy metal manganese per year,based on a tungsten mine wastewater discharge of 4000 m3/d.The removal efficiencies of the other heavy metals ranged from 82%to 97%.The biological agent method for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater involves coordination,hydrolysis,flocculation,sedimentation,and solid-liquid separation,where biological agents that contain a large number of hydroxyl,sulfur,carboxyl,and amino functional groups can capture heavy metals(such As,Cd,Mn,Cu,Pb,Zn,Hg)from wastewater to form biological ligands.This study suggests that the biological agent method has the potential to treat mine wastewater.