南京老山杜衡群落特征和物种多样性研究

Characteristics of Asarum forbesii communities in Laoshan Mountain, Nanjing

为明晰南京老山地区杜衡的群落特征,采用典型样地调查法,对杜衡群落的物种组成、区系地理成分和物种多样性进行分析。结果表明:南京老山地区的杜衡群落物种组成共有维管植物40科55属61种,其中蕨类植物2科2属2种,裸子植物1科1属1种,被子植物37科52属58种。杜衡群落植物科的区系成分有5个分布区类型2个变型,以热带性成分为主,占非世界分布总科数的66.67%;属的区系成分较复杂,有11个分布区类型3个变型,区系成分以温带性成分为主,兼具热带特征。5个群落草本层重要值排名前3的分别是杜衡、络石和求米草。杜衡群落Patrick丰富度指数、Shannon-wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Simpson优势度指数及Marglef丰富度指数的均值分别为10.80,2.78,0.86,0.75和4.08。该文对南京老山地区的杜衡进行群落特征和物种多样性研究,以期为杜衡种质资源的保护和科学、合理利用提供参考依据。

To clarify the community characteristics of Asarum forbesii Maxim.in Laoshan Mountain,Nanjing,the typical sample plot survey method was employed to analyze the species composition,floristic geographic components,and species diversity of A.forbesii communities.The results showed that the species composition of A.forbesii communities in Laoshan Mountain consisted of 61 species belonging to 55 genera,40 families,including pteridophyte of 2 species,2 genera in 2 families,gymnosperm of 1 species,1 genera in 1 families and angiosperms of 47 species,42 genera in 32 families.The family flora geographical element in A.forbesii communities included 5 distribution types and 2 formas,with a predominance of tropical components,accounting for 66.67%of the total non-worldwide distribution families.The genera flora geographical components were more complex,including 11 distribution types and 3 variants,with temperate components being predominant.The proportion of tropical components was relatively high.The top 3 important values in the herbaceous layer of five communities were A.forbesii,Trachelospermum jasminoides and Oplismenus undulatifolius.The average values of Patrick richness index,Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Pielou evenness index,Simpson dominance index and Marglef richness indexof A.forbesii communities in Laoshan Mountain were 10.80,2.78,0.86,0.75 and 4.08,respectively.This community characteristic analysis and species diversity research on A.forbesii communities in Laoshan Mountain could provide reference for the conservation and scientific and rational utilization of A.forbesii germplasm resources.