回溯与展望:改革开放以来我国女子投掷项目竞技水平发展研究

Retrospect and Prospect:Research on Competitive Levels Development of Chinese Women’s Throwing Events Since China’s Forty-five Years’Drive in Reform and Opening-up

本文运用文献资料、数理统计、对比分析等方法对我国女子投掷项目的发展进行回溯,旨在为女子投掷项目更好地发展提供启示。研究结果表明:我国女子投掷项目具备集团优势和强劲的竞技实力;我国女子链球呈现向上的发展趋势,但获得金牌的难度较大;上世纪八九十年代后,我国女子铅球、铁饼的竞技水平呈现下降趋势,近年来,铅球、铁饼、标枪的发展在趋于稳定的状态下向较高水平的方向发展;女子投掷项目存在的问题有后备人才不足、社会参与度与关注度低、科研内容单一、科技服务不足等。

By referring to literature,mathematical statistics and a comparative analysis,this paper has made a retrospective study of Chinese women’s throwing events development to make the latter better directed.Research results have demonstrated four facts.First,women’s throwing events have group advantages and strong competitive strength.Second,women’s hammer-throwing is going in an upward trend but a far cry from winning gold medals.Third,competitive levels in women’s shot put and discus throwing have gone in a downward manner compared to those in the 1980s and 1990s;however,in recent years,shot put,discus and javelin throwing have developed to a higher level in a stable way.Fourth,women’s throwing events are faced with problems like an understaffed talents reserve,a low social participation and attention,single scientific research content,and insufficient scientific and technological services.