杭州地区637例变应性结膜炎患者过敏原致敏特征分析

Allergen sensitization characteristics of 637 patients with allergic conjunctivitis in Hangzhou

目的分析杭州地区637例变应性结膜炎患者过敏原致敏特征。方法选取2018年1月一2023年1月于杭州市中医院眼科就诊的变应性结膜炎患者637例为研究对象,并根据性别、年龄和过敏季节进行分组。采用免疫印迹法检测血清总IgE及特异性IgE(sIgE)抗体。结果637例变应性结膜炎患者中吸入性过敏原以户尘螨/粉尘螨阳性率最高(73.73%),食源性过敏原以牛奶阳性率为最高(18.74%),男性鸡蛋白阳性率高于女性(P<0.05)。儿童少年组和青年组sIgE阳性率均较中老年组高(P<0.05),户尘螨/粉尘螨在儿童少年组阳性率高于青年组和中老年组(P<0.05)。腰果、贝类在中老年组阳性率高于儿童少年组和青年组(P<0.05)。季节是影响疾病过敏反应程度的重要因素(P<0.05)。结论杭州地区变应性结膜炎患者常见过敏原是户尘螨/粉尘螨、混合草、牛奶、腰果、贝类和鸡蛋白,因年龄、性别分布有所不同;腰果、贝类阳性率在中老年组较高;过敏程度易受季节影响。行过敏原检测,将有助于在特定区域开展针对性防治措施.

Objective This paper aims to analyze the allergenic characteristics of 637 patients with allergic conjunctivitis in Hangzhou.Methods A total of 637 patients with allergic conjunctivitis who were treated in the ophthalmology department of Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2018 to January 2023 were selected as the study subjects and grouped according to gender,age and allergy season.The serum total IgE and specific IgE(slgE)antibodies were detected by immunoblotting.Results Among 637 patients with allergic conjunctivitis,the positive rate of household dust mites/dermatia mites was the highest in inhaled allergens(73.73%),and that of milk was the highest in foodborne allergens(18.74%).The detection rate in egg white in men was higherthan women(P<0.05).The positive rates of slgE in children and teenager group and adolescent group were higher than that in elderly group(P<0.05),and the positive rate in house dust mite/dust mite in children and teenager group was higher than that in the adolescent group and the elderly group(P<0.05).The positive rate in cashew and shellfish in the elderly group was higher than that in the children and teenager group(P<0.05).Season is an important factor affecting the degree of disease allergy(P<0.05).Conclusion The common allergens in patients with allergic conjunctivitis in Hangzhou area are household dust mites/dust mites,mixed grass,milk,cashew nuts,shellfish,and chicken protein,which vary depending on age and gender.The positive rates in cashew nuts and shellfish are higher in the elderly group.The degree of allergic reactions is easily influenced by season.Conducting allergen testing will help carry out targeted prevention and control measures in specific areas.