智能时代个性化学习中的多重偏误及其风险批判

Multiple Biases of Personalized Learning in the Intelligent Era and Its Risks:A Critical Review

智能技术为个性化学习这一人类古老的教育梦想提供了前所未有的机遇与可能。然而,从个性化学习的本质特征来看,智能时代的个性化学习在实践中存在着多重偏误与风险。个性化学习是起点上基于完整个性、过程上兼顾精准供给与自由选择、结果上实现个性发展的学习活动。智能时代的个性化学习,囿于技术的本体性局限与现实性偏差,在起点上可能会对学生的完整个性进行狭隘裁剪;学习内容的精准推送与学习路径的精准规划潜藏着对学生学习过程的隐形控制;民众的教育焦虑、资本的趋利避险以及技术的效率至上裹挟着个性化学习,可能会使其在结果上走向强化标准而非促进个性发展。推动并完善智能时代的个性化学习,需重识技术重塑学习的逻辑起点,明晰个性化学习的本质特征,并充分彰显学生和教师在智能时代的个性化学习中作为人的价值与作用。

Intelligent technology provides unprecedented opportunities and possibilities for personalized learning,an ancient educational dream of mankind.However,from the perspective of the essential characteristics of personalized learning,personalized learning in the intelligent era has multiple biases and risks in practice.Personalized learning is a learning activity based on complete personality,through the free choice of students,and then to achieve personalized development.Limited by the ontological limitations of technology and Practical bias,personalized learning supported by intelligent technology may be narrowly tailored to the complete personality of students;The precise push of learning content and the accurate planning of learning paths hide the risk of invisible control of students’learning process;People’s educational anxiety,capital’s profit-seeking and risk-averse,and the supremacy of technological efficiency have all led to personalized learning towards the creation of standardized talents.To promote and improve personalized learning in the intelligent era,it is necessary to re-recognize the logical starting point of technology to reshape learning,clarify the essential characteristics of personalized learning,and fully demonstrate the value and role of students and teachers as human beings in personalized learning supported by intelligent technology.