20世纪50年代天津中山门工人新村城市肌理解析与比较分析

Interpretation and Comparative Analysis on Urban Texture of Zhongshanmen Workers’Village in Tianjin in the Early 1950s

城市肌理分析是认知城市空间形态的有效方法和途径。以“天津工人第一村”——中山门工人新村为研究对象,从街道肌理、地块肌理、建筑肌理三个方面解析其城市肌理,通过纵横向比较进一步阐述其城市肌理特征及影响。研究发现,新村街道肌理呈强向心性网格形态,路网密度与街区尺度较为适宜;地块规模大、地块间边界消隐是其地块肌理的显著特征;建筑肌理特征表现为均质的行列式布局与多户共用、封闭管理的院落空间两个方面。中山门工人新村城市肌理在一定程度上具有开创性,对之后天津居住区肌理形态的演变发展产生了深刻影响。

Urban texture analysis is an effective method and approach to recognize urban spatial form.Taking Zhongshanmen Workers’Village,the“No.1 Village of Tianjin Workers”,as the research object,this paper analyzes its urban texture from three aspects of street texture,plot texture and building texture,and further expounds the urban texture characteristics and their influences through vertical and horizontal comparison.It is found that the street texture of Zhongshanmen Workers’Village shows a strong centripetal grid form,and the density of the road network and the block size are more suitable.The large scale of plots and the hidden boundary between plots are the remarkable characteristics of the texture of property plots.The building texture is characterized by homogeneous row layout and the courtyard space shared by multiple households and closed management.The urban texture of Zhongshanmen Workers’Village is of pioneering value to a certain extent and has had a profound impact on the evolution and development of the texture in Tianjin residential areas.