基于PI3K/AKT研究针灸对阿尔茨海默病影响机制的进展

Research on the Mechanism of Acupuncture and Moxibustion on Alzheimer's Disease Based on PI3K/AKT

阿尔茨海默病(alzheimer's disease,AD)作为一种慢性神经退化性疾病,在痴呆发生比例中占主要地位,会出现记忆、理解、语言等困难,给社会和家庭带来巨大压力。目前关于阿尔茨海默病的发病机制没有得到确切的定论,均以各种假说为主,如Aβ淀粉样变性、Tau蛋白磷酸化、氧化应激、细胞自噬等。诸多研究证明PI3K/AKT信号通路参与中枢神经系统的生理及病理过程,在阿尔茨海默病中的作用已经得到证实,由于其作用的靶蛋白不同,该通路对阿尔茨海默病的机制效应产生不同的作用,对于AD的发生发展产生影响,如环磷腺苷效应元件结合蛋白(CREB)靶蛋白对Aβ淀粉样变产生影响,糖原合酶激酶-3β蛋白(GSK-3β)对Tau蛋白磷酸化机制产生作用,影响Tau蛋白磷酸化的病理进程,除此以外哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)均对AD机制产生影响,对阿尔茨海默病的防治起到不可替代的作用。针灸作为中医药不可分割的部分,对阿尔茨海默病的治疗起到积极作用,并且能有效的作用磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B信号通路(PI3K/AKT)缓解症状。该文通过对阿尔茨海默病与PI3K/AKT信号通路的相关作用性以及针灸对该方面的有效性进行综述及探讨,为后期研究提供思路。

As a chronic neurodegenerative disease,Alzheimer's disease occupies a major position in the incidence rate of dementia,and difficulties such as memory,comprehension,and language will occur,bringing great pressure to society and families.At present,the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease has not been definitively determined,and various hypotheses are mainly based,such as Aβamyloidosis,Tau protein phosphorylation,oxidative stress,autophagy,etc.Many studies have proved that PI3K/AKT signaling pathway participates in the physiological and pathological processes of the central nervous system,and its role in Alzheimer's disease has been confirmed,due to its different target proteins,the pathway has different effects on the mechanism effect of Alzheimer's disease,and has an impact on the occurrence and development of AD,such as CREB target protein has an effect on Aβamyloidosis,GSK-3βtarget protein has an effect on the phosphorylation mechanism of Tau protein,affecting the pathological process of Tau protein phosphorylation.In addition,target proteins such as mTOR have an impact on the mechanism of AD and play an irreplaceable role in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.As an inseparable part of traditional Chinese medicine,acupuncture plays a positive role in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease,and can effectively act on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and relieve symptoms.This article reviews and discusses the correlation between Alzheimer's disease and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and the effectiveness of acupuncture in this regard,so as to provide ideas for later research.