基于外泌体精准靶向调控肿瘤微环境的中药抗肿瘤作用研究进展

Research of Anti-Cancer Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Precise Targeted Regulation of Tumor Microenvironment by Exosome

中药及复方制剂用于肿瘤治疗历史悠久,然而由于中药多成分、多靶点等特点,现有的药理研究技术尚未阐明中药抗癌药效物质及机制,限制了抗癌中药的临床应用及发展。因此,找到癌症早期临床诊断标志物及药物作用评价靶标尤为重要。外泌体是肿瘤微环境中细胞、组织、器官信息传递的主要介质之一,影响并决定肿瘤的恶性程度。本文通过对外泌体生物发生途径及功能进行综述,揭示外泌体在肿瘤微环境条件下,调控肿瘤发生发展的作用及机制,旨在阐释基于外泌体作为抗肿瘤药物载体,挖掘中药抗肿瘤药效物质,并构建“外泌体-肿瘤微环境-药效成分-作用靶点”整合分析方法,阐释中药抗肿瘤作用机制科学内涵的新思路与新方法,推动中医药在传承创新中高质量发展。

Cancer treatment is still the leading problem worldwide,research shows that more than 10 million new cases of cancer are diagnosed each year,with the mortality rate of more than 60%.Traditional Chinese medicinals and compound preparations have been used in tumor treatment with a long history,however,due to the multi-component and multi-target characteristics,pharmacological research has not yet clarified the anti-cancer components and mechanisms,which limits the clinical application and development of anti-cancer TCM medicinals.Thus,it is particularly important to clarify the clinical diagnosis biomarkers and drug targets.Exosome is one of the main mediators of information transmission of cells,tissues and organs in the tumor micro-environment,affecting and determining the malignant degree of tumors.This article reviews the bio-genetic pathways and functions of exosomes,and explores the effect and mechanism of exosomes in regulating tumor genesis and development under tumor micro-environment,in order to elucidate the use of exosomes as anti-tumor drug carriers to mine traditional Chinese medicine's anti-tumor efficacy substances,construct an integrated analysis method of"exosomes-tumor microenvironment-pharmacological components-targets"to explain the scientific connotation of the anti-tumor mechanism of traditional Chinese medicinals,and promote the high-quality development of traditional Chinese medicine in inheritance and innovation.