游戏化测评在教学中如何应用?——基于国际研究的系统性文献综述

How to Apply Gamification Assessment in Teaching and Learning?-A Systematic Literature Review Based on International Research

游戏化测评作为新型测评方式,对于增加测试趣味性,激发学生参与动机等方面具有重要价值。本研究从Web of Science、Scopus和Springer Link Science Direct 3个数据库系统梳理了国际2013—2023年的79项实证研究,结果发现:(1)研究多采用控制实验条件的实验研究法,研究对象的学段分布广泛,且数量以100人以下为主;(2)研究以游戏化学习、以证据为中心的设计和心流理论等作为重要理论基础;(3)根据引入游戏机制目的的差异,游戏化测评分为结构游戏化测评和内容游戏化测评,其设计策略的重点不同,结构游戏化测评以题库型游戏为主,内容游戏化测评以融合型游戏和仿真型游戏为主;(4)研究聚焦在教学目标评估、认知能力诊断和人格特质评估3个领域;(5)研究结果呈现出普遍的积极效应、极少的消极效应和混合效应。基于综述结果,本研究从优化分析工具实现动态精准评估、补充质性评估手段观察隐性特质、融合元宇宙视域扩展测评交互性能等3个方面提出建议,为游戏化测评应用于教学提供了实证和实践参考。

Gamification assessment,as a new type of assessment,is of great value in increasing the interest of tests and inducing engines.This study compares 79 international empirical studies in the last decade from 2013-2023 from three database systems,namely,Web of Science,Scopus and Springer Link Science Direct.The results reveal that:(1)most of the studies use experimental research method with controlled experimental conditions,and the study subjects are widely distributed among school segments but with a number mainly less than 100 students;(2)the studies mainly use gamified learning,evidence-centered design,and mind flow theory as important theoretical Foundations;(3)according to the differences in the purpose of introducing game mechanisms,gamification assessments are divided into structural gamification assessments and content gamification assessments;the focus of their design strategies is different,with the structural gamification assessment focusing on question-based games and the content gamification assessment focusing on integration-based games and simulation-based games;(4)the research focuses on three areas,including assessment of teaching objectives,cognitive ability diagnosis and personality trait assessment;(5)the research results show generally positive effects and very few negative and mixed effects.Based on the results of the review,the article offers suggestions from three aspects,including optimizing analytical tools to achieve dynamic and accurate assessment,supplementing qualitative assessment instruments to observe implicit traits,and integrating the meta-universe perspective to expand the interactive performance of assessment,which provides empirical evidence and practical references for the application of gamification assessment to teaching and learning.