城乡融合视角下的全域土地综合整治模式优化

Optimization of Comprehensive Land Consolidation Model under the Context of Urban-Rural Integration

基于对全域土地综合整治的政策发展脉络和各地实践案例的解析,归纳出两种模式:一是以农用地整理和生态修复为主的建设用地调整与腾挪为主的建利益平衡机制,推动建设用地提质增效。结合新时期城乡融合发展和建设用地增存并举的趋势,提出全域土地综合整治3模式,即“空间优化+产权调整+利益统筹”的新模式,将空间规划方案、土地权属调整方案、利益测算与平衡方案同步纳入全域土地综合整治方案,统筹安排各类整治用地,统一开展土地征收、集体建设用地入市、宅基地改革等土地制度集成创新,多途径达成各利益主体诉求,形成有助于城乡融合、共同富裕的土地利用新机制。

The analysis of the policy and pilot cases shows that there are two typical modes of comprehensive land consolidation:Firstly,the model of agricultural land consolidation and ecological restoration mainly focuses on rural non-construction space,and promotes agricultural development and rural revitalization through engineering measures.Secondly,the model of arable land consolidation and urban-rural construction land adjustment and relocation is mainly oriented towards the improvement of the quality and efficiency of urban and rural stock space and the construction of interest balance mechanism on the basis of spatial optimization,aiming at promoting the efficient integration and high-quality development of urban and rural space.In conclusion,combined with the new trend of urban-rural integrated development and coordinating the incremental and existing construction land simultaneously,the 3.0 version of comprehensive land consolidation is proposed:building a new model of"spatial optimization+property right reconstruction+interest coordination",which integrates spatial planning scheme,land ownership adjustment scheme,interest calculation and balance scheme into the comprehensive land consolidation scheme,arranges the quantity and layout of all kinds of land consolidation as a whole,and carries out integrated land system innovations,such as land expropriation,rural collective construction land entering the market,and homestead reform.It helps to meet the demands of various interest subjects in multiple ways,and form a new land use mechanism of urban-rural integration and common prosperity.