关系与契约:民宿企业参与乡村多元协同治理机制研究

Relationship and Contract:Study on the Mechanism of Homestay Inn Enterprise’s Participation in Rural Multiple Synergetic Governance

多元协同治理是乡村各利益主体通过合作共同处理乡村公共事务、提高乡村治理水平的一种方式。乡村企业在参与乡村治理的过程中发挥了重要作用,成为乡村多元协同治理体系中重要的一员。为剖析乡村企业参与多元协同治理的实践形态、演进逻辑及治理机制,本文基于社会嵌入理论,通过对QS民宿企业进行纵向单案例分析,构建了乡村民宿参与乡村多元协同治理的理论框架,并在此基础上剖析企业参与乡村治理过程中“主体—嵌入—行动及互动—客体”的动态因果关系,分析了关系和契约治理机制在企业参与乡村治理不同阶段治理绩效的变化过程及其对多元协同治理演进的影响。分析表明:QS企业参与的乡村多元协同治理随着企业嵌入乡村的阶段而发展,其嵌入乡村的治理机制也在发生动态演进;企业嵌入乡村的关系治理和契约治理机制呈现出阶段性变化特征。本文建立了乡村民宿企业参与乡村治理的社会嵌入分析框架,揭示了关系治理与契约治理在企业参与乡村治理演进过程中的动态适应规律,拓宽了乡村治理的研究视角,为进一步推进乡村协同治理、实现良性共治提供了思路。

Multiple synergetic governance is a mechanism through which various stakeholders in rural areas collaborate to handle rural public aff airs and achieve effective governance.Rural enterprises play an essential role in participating in rural governance and becoming members of rural,multiple synergetic governance systems.To analyze the practical forms,evolutionary logic and governance mechanisms of rural enterprises participating in multiple synergetic governance,this study conducts a vertical single case analysis based on QS,a homestay inn enterprise in Shandong Province.It uses social embedding theory to analyze the development process of rural multiple synergetic governance and combine the dynamic causal relationship of“subject-embedded-action and interaction-object”in the process of enterprise participation in rural governance.The aim is to explain the relative changes in governance performance of relationship and contract governance mechanisms in different stages of enterprise participation in rural governance and their impact on the evolution of multiple synergetic governance.Theoretical and case studies have shown that the participation of QS in rural,multiple synergetic governance is constantly advancing with the stages,and its embedded governance mechanisms in rural areas are also undergoing dynamic evolution.This study establishes a social embedding analysis framework for the participation of rural homestay inn enterprises in rural governance.It reveals the dynamic adaptation patterns of relationship governance and contract governance in the evolution process of enterprise participation in rural governance,broadens the research perspective on rural governance and provides ideas for further promoting rural collaborative governance and achieving benign co-governance.