区块链赋能社区治理现代化:逻辑、风险与应对

Blockchain-empowered Community Governance Modernization:Logic,Risks and Responses

作为一种底层数字技术,区块链赋能社区治理现代化的内在逻辑是一个结构再造和价值创造的过程。区块链赋能可以使社区治理的资源、关系、制度等结构性要素发生颠覆性变革,促进社区治理结构从信息分割到数据共享、从规则层控到智能协作和从关系疏离到睦邻信任。这些结构再造能够产生显著的社区治理过程价值,即推进社区治理机制走向公开透明、治理主体走向分布协作、服务供给走向智能整合和居民参与走向积极主动。但区块链赋能社区治理现代化也可能存在党建引领的“权威弱化”、治理系统的“性能惰化”、行动过程的“治理规则固化”、居民参与的“群体分化”风险。应对这四个方面的风险:一是党建上“链”,强化社区党组织治理权威;二是性能提升,实现分布式社区治理系统可控;三是治理规则优化,发挥社区治理中人的主体性;四是技术适用,适老性服务与“数字居民”培育。

Being a base-course technology,the blockchain technology can empower community governance modernization.In terms of internal logic,the blockchain empowerment is a process of structure reconstruction and value creation,which brings about subversive changes in structural elements of the community governance,such as resources,relationships and systems.It can transform community governance structure from information segmentation to data sharing,from rule-based management to intelligent collaboration,and from relationship alienation to good neighborly trust.Such structural rebuilding can advance significant process values of community governance like open and transparent community governance mechanisms,distributed and collaborative governance subjects,intelligently integrated service supply,and the residents’more proactive participation in the governance.However,the blockchain-empowered community governance modernization may also have the risks of the“weakening”of the Party’s authority,the“functional loafing”of the governance system,the“solidification of governance rules”in process management,and the“differentiation”of residents’participation.Responses to these four risks include combining the Party’s role with the blockchain to strengthen the authority of community Party organizations in the governance,improving the performance of governance for a controllable distributed community governance system,optimizing governance rules to play the residents’full role in the community governance,and applying technologies to the services for the elderly and the cultivation of“digital residents”.