基于跨尺度图析的城乡复杂景观系统认知方法与工具

Cross-scale Mapping as an Interpretation Methodology and Analytical Tool for the Complex Urban-Rural Landscape System

本文从城乡景观复杂系统的多层级性和多样性特征出发,揭示了城乡复杂景观系统在不同尺度中呈现的空间等级秩序和结构逻辑,并分别从尺度视角与图析工具两方面探索跨尺度的图析方法的理论和方法构建。首先,本文梳理了单尺度、多尺度与跨尺度三种研究视角下图析方法的特点、优势和不足,认为跨尺度视角对于实现从宏观到微观的连贯性城乡复杂景观系统形态认知十分必要;其次,引入荷兰形态学派经典图析方法——分层分析与减构制图,探讨各尺度形态要素解读方法,以及逐层递进的形态特征提取方法;最后搭建跨尺度研究视角下的图析方法框架,并以珠三角水乡为案例进行应用呈现。研究通过建构跨尺度图析方法,剖解了多尺度空间的等级秩序与结构逻辑,提供了认知城乡复杂景观系统的新视角和形态转译的新路径,在此方法框架下得到的景观形态原型可为城乡景观更新设计提供资料依据。

The urban-rural landscape is a complex system which has multiple layers and diverse characters.How to distill the hierarchical spatial structure and interpret its underlying logic cross scales is the main question.The paper approaches this question from the perspectives of scale and mapping,and explores the possibilities of establishing an integrated framework that combines the two.It firstly reviews mapping applications that are on one scale,multi-scales and cross-scales,and summarizes their characters,advantages and disadvantages.The authors believe that the cross-scale approach is significantly necessary in comprehensive understanding the complex urban-rural landscape system form.Then,this paper introduces two classic Dutch morphological school mapping techniques–layer approach and reduction drawing.In which way these two techniques could be applied to decompose the morphological elements and to distill spatial characters at various scales are explained.Last but not least,the cross-scale mapping methodological framework is constructed and the water villages in the Pearl River Delta are chosen as a case to show its practical application.This paper proposes a cross-scale mapping framework to systematically decompose the hierarchical spatial structure and logic cross scales,which could provide new insights and methods to comprehensively interpret the complex urban-rural landscape system.The resulting spatial prototypes could be used as referencing data base for the urban-rural landscape regeneration.