生态保护区移民搬迁对低收入农户脆弱性的影响

Impact of Migration and Relocation on the Vulnerability of Low-income Farmers in Ecological Reserves

基于A县2014—2022年的面板数据,利用双向固定效应双重差分法探讨生态保护区移民搬迁对低收入农户脆弱性的影响。研究发现,搬迁总体显著降低了农户的脆弱性,降幅为2.2%。脆弱性分解和成因分析结果表明,与低脆弱农户和低波动农户相比,搬迁对高脆弱性农户和高波动性农户的正向影响分别降低了16.3%和13.0%。人力资本劣势导致这些农户较难适应搬迁后的劳动力市场,生计转型缓慢,从而脆弱性下降较为平缓。这一结论对政府有针对性地制定搬迁后的帮扶政策具有重要意义。

Based on the panel data of low-income rural families in County A from 2014 to 2022,this study performs a difference-in-difference analysis using a two-way fixed effect model to examine the impact of the relocation program in ecological reserves on the vulnerability of low-income farmers.It is found that the relocation significantly reduces the rural families’vulnerability in general,by 2.2%.Based on the decomposition of vulnerability and causal analysis,it is revealed that,compared with low-vulnerability farmers and low-volatility farmers,the positive impacts of relocation on high-vulnerability farmers and high-volatility farmers are reduced by 16.3%and 13.0%respectively.Lack of human capital makes it difficult for these families to adapt to the labor market after relocation,resulting in a slower livelihood transformation and thus a more gentle decline in vulnerability.This conclusion provides important insights for the government to formulate targeted post-relocation assistance policies.