老年人认知储备与主观认知下降的相关性

Correlation between cognitive reserve and subjective cognitive decline of the elderly

目的:探讨老年人认知储备与主观认知下降的相关性。方法:采用便利抽样法选取河北省某社区及某三级甲等医院年龄≥60岁的老年人共300人,采用一般资料调查表、主观认知下降自评表、认知储备参数采集表对其进行调查。结果:300名老年人中,185人出现主观认知下降,占61.67%;多因素分析显示,近2年经历负性生活事件是老年人发生主观认知下降的危险因素,认知活动是老年人发生主观认知下降的保护因素。认知储备与主观认知下降具有相关性(OR=0.984,P<0.05)。认知储备的全日制受教育年限、主要从事职业、认知活动3项子变量中,认知活动与主观认知下降具有相关性(OR=0.869,P<0.05)。结论:经历负性生活事件是老年人发生主观认知下降的危险因素,参与认知活动对老年人主观认知下降具有保护作用,提高老年人认知储备可能延缓主观认知下降进程。

Objective:To explore the correlation between cognitive reserve and subjective cognitive decline.Methods:A total of 300 elderly people aged≥60 in communities and hospitals in Hebei were selected by convenient sampling,and they were investigated by general data questionnaire,self-assessment form of subjective cognitive decline(SCD)and cognitive reserve parameter collection table.Results:Among the 300 elderly people,185(61.67%)had subjective cognitive decline.Multiple analysis showed that experienced negative life events in the past two years was a risk factor for SCD in the elderly,and participation in cognitive activities was a protective factor for SCD in the elderly.Cognitive reserve was correlated with cognitive decline(OR=0.984,P<0.05).Among the three sub-variables of cognitive reserve,length of full-time education,main occupation and cognitive activity,cognitive activity was correlated with SCD(OR=0.869,P<0.05).Conclusion:Experience negative life events is a risk factor for the elderly to have SCD.Participating in cognitive activities has a protective effect on SCD for the elderly.cognitive reserve has an independent protective effect on SCD for the elderly.Improving cognitive reserve for the elderly may delay the SCD process.