莱比锡学派创立者奥斯特瓦尔德的学科治理实践探析

On the Disciplinary Governance Practices of Friedrich W. Ostwald

弗里德里希·W.奥斯特瓦尔德是19世纪末物理化学学科的重要奠基人,著名的物理化学学派——莱比锡学派的主要缔造者。在担任莱比锡大学物理学教授期间,奥斯特瓦尔德通过开辟新的学术领域、兴修实验室、打造学术团队、培养人才和参与学术交流等活动,不仅突破了传统的化学研究范式,奠定了莱比锡大学在世界物理化学研究中的核心地位,还培养了一大批卓越的物理化学人才,成功地将莱比锡大学打造成为世界物理化学研究中心。回顾奥斯特瓦尔德的学科治理实践,考察其带领学派快速发展的内在动因,能够为我国大学学科带头人的学科治理活动提供经验参考。

Friedrich W.Ostwald was an important founder of the discipline of physical chemistry at the end of the 19th century and a major contributor to the Leipzig School,a renowned school of physical chemistry.During his tenure as professor of physics at Leipzig University,Ostwald broke new ground,built laboratories,created academic teams,nurtured talent and participated in academic exchanges,not only establishing the University of Leipzig at the heart of the world’s physical chemistry research paradigm,but also training a large number of outstanding physical chemists and successfully establishing the University of Leipzig as a world center for physical chemistry research.By reviewing Ostwald’s disciplinary governance practices and examining the intrinsic motivations that led to the rapid development of the school,we can provide an empirical reference for the disciplinary governance activities of our university discipline leaders.