湖州地区杂草稻遗传多样性分析及防治策略初探

Genetic diversity analysis and control strategies ofweedy rice in Huzhou Area

杂草稻作为水稻的近缘杂草,是稻田中最难以防除的杂草之一。随着现代化农业进程的推进,轻简化农业逐步受到种植户的青睐,水稻直播面积逐年增加,杂草稻对水稻产量的危害也日益严重。本研究使用NY/T 1433—2014《水稻品种鉴定技术规程SSR标记法》文件规定的48对SSR引物,对从湖州市采集的15个杂草稻单株进行遗传多样性分析,并对其表型性状和落粒性进行分析对比。结果表明,这15个杂草稻单株,表型差异显著,落粒性明显强于对照洁田稻001和武运粳;SSR结果显示,48对引物共检测出104个等位位点,平均多态信息量0.313 8,呈现中等多态性。平均等位基因数量为2.312 5,平均有效等位基因数量为1.577 2,Shannon信息指数平均值为0.515 4,遗传多样性较高。本研究对这15个杂草稻株系进行ALS基因序列分析,发现32个SNP位点,但均不产生抗性。因此,利用具有ALS抑制剂类除草剂抗性的水稻初步探讨了湖州地区杂草稻的防治策略。结果表明,通过喷施ALS抑制剂类除草剂可以有效防除湖州目前所发现的杂草稻。这些研究结果,将为湖州地区杂草稻防治策略提供参考。

Weedy rice,as a genetically close weed of rice,is one of the most difficult weeds to control in rice fields.With the advancement of modern agriculture,the area of rice direct seeding has increased year by year,and the harm of weed rice to rice yield has become increasingly serious.In this study,48 pairs of SSR primers specified in NY/T 1433—2014 were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 15 weed rice plants collected from Huzhou City,and their phenotypic traits were analyzed and compared.The results showed that the phenotypic differences of the 15 weed rice plants were significant,and the grain drop was significantly stronger than that of the control Jietian rice 001 and Wuyunjing.The SSR results showed that a total of 104 alleles were detected by 48 pairs of primers,and the average polymorphic information was 0.3138,showing moderate polymorphism.The average number of alleles was 2.3125,the average number of effective alleles was 1.5772,and the average Shannon information index was 0.5154,indicating high genetic diversity.In this study,ALS gene sequence analysis was performed on these 15 weedy rice lines,and 32 SNP loci were found,but none of them produced resistance.Therefore,the control strategy of weedy rice in Huzhou was preliminarily discussed by using rice resistant to ALS inhibitor herbicides.The results showed that the weeds found in Huzhou could be controlled by spraying ALS inhibitor herbicides.These results will provide a reference for the control strategy of weed rice in Huzhou.