我国非法第四方支付平台犯罪治理研究——以2016-2022年158个刑事裁判文书为分析样本

Research on Criminal Governance of Illegal Fourth-Party Payment Platform in China-Using 158 Criminal Judgment Documents from 2016 to 2022 as Analysis Samples

数字经济的蓬勃发展催生了新型第四方支付平台,它在促进经济社会发展、便利人们日常生活的同时也滋生了一系列刑事犯罪。总体来看,当前我国非法第四方支付平台犯罪呈现出上升态势,涉案罪名纷繁复杂,犯罪模式多种多样。司法机关在处理此类案件时面临着诸多现实难题,包括涉案罪名之间的界限不清导致类案异判,非法经营罪和帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪因自身的口袋化倾向在司法实践中被不当扩张适用,罪名整体适用碎片化难以形成治理合力。对此,应当通过统一发布刑事指导性案例实现类案类判,基于规范保护目的合理限缩非法经营罪和帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的适用,秉承系统性理念从系统内外两个视角对此类犯罪进行全链条治理。

The vigorous development of the digital economy has given birth to a new type of fourth-party payment platform which not only promotes economic and social development and facilitates people’s daily life but also breeds a series of criminal crimes.Overall,the current trend of illegal fourth-party payment platform crimes in China is on the rise with numerous and complex charges involved and diverse criminal models.The judicial authorities face many practical difficulties when dealing with such cases including unclear boundaries between the charges involved resulting in different judgments in similar cases,improperly expanding the application of the crime of illegal business operations and the crime of assisting in information network criminal activities due to their own tendency to be pocketed,and the fragmentation of the overall application of the crimes,which makes it difficult to form synergy for governance.In this regard,it is necessary to achieve similar judgements in similar cases through the unified release of criminal guiding cases,to reasonably limit the application of the crime of illegal business operations and the crime of aiding information network criminal activities based on the purpose of normative protection,and to carry out a full-chain management of such crimes from both internal and external system perspectives,in accordance with systemic concept.