韩国环境健康管理立法及对我国的启示

South Korea’s Legislation on Environmental Health Management And the Implications for China

环境保护的水平直接影响着公民的健康状况,倡导“推动保障公众健康理念融入环境保护政策”理念,是我国“健康中国”发展战略中不可或缺的一部分。因此,如何在立法上妥善保护公民的环境健康利益,需要展开深入研究。作为世界上第一个对环境健康管理进行单独立法的国家,韩国的《环境健康法》在环境健康管理立法方面具有代表性,其在风险预防原则和接触者中心原则的指导下,规定了针对环境健康风险的评估制度、与环境相关的健康损害预防和管理,加强易感人群的环境健康权益保护等。我国在环境健康立法保护方面可以借鉴韩国的成功经验,制定相应专门法规,坚持风险预防原则指导下的易感人群保护,“以我为主,为我所用”,更有效地探索中国环境健康管理的立法保护之路。

The level of environmental protection has a direct impact on public health,and the promotion of“integrating the concept of safeguarding public health into environmental protection policies”is an indispensable part of“Healthy China”strategy.Further in-depth research is needed on how to properly protect the environmental health interests of the public in legislation.As the first country in the world to enact separate legislation on environmental health management,South Korea’s Environmental Health Act is a representative example which regulates the environmental health risk assessment system as well as the prevention and management of environmentally related health damages,and enhances the protection of susceptible population under the guidance of the risk precautionary principle and the exposure-centered principle.South Korea’s successful experience in environmental health legislation and protection can be learned from.China should formulate special regulations,adhere to the protection of susceptible groups under the guidance of the risk precautionary principle and“learn the advanced on demand”so as to effectively explore the legislative protection of China’s environmental health management.