五屯话复数标记“几个”的接触演变

The Contact Evolution of the Plural Mark“Ji ge”in Wutun Dialect

在青海黄南州五屯话中有一种表示复数意义的数量短语“几个”。本文通过录音转写语料及文献语料,分析论证了“几个”的语法属性、语法意义、来源演变及接触层次。主要结论为:1)“几个”用于离散名词之后,语法属性为复数标记;2)“几个”的语法功能强调的是两个及两个以上数量的叠加、复合;3)“几个”来源于汉语数量短语;4)“几个”经历了语法化的内部演变和语法功能的外部接触过程;5)“几个”的接触层次为汉语语法功能底层受藏语和阿尔泰语的影响,具备了部分藏语、阿尔泰语复数标记的语法功能。

There is a plural quantitative phrase“several”in Wutun dialect of Huangnan Prefecture,Qinghai Province.Through recording and transliteration corpus and literature corpus,this paper analyzes and demonstrates the grammatical attribute,grammatical meaning,source,evolution and contact level of“several”.The main conclusions are as follows:1)after“several”is used in discrete nouns,the grammatical attribute is plural;2)the grammatical function of“several”emphasizes the superposition and compound of two or more numbers;3)“several”comes from Chinese quantitative phrases;4)“several”has experienced the internal evolution of grammaticalization and the external evolution of language contact.5)the level of language contact of“several”is that the bottom of Chinese grammar is influenced by Tibetan and Altaic,and there is an evolution trend of“Altaization”.