中哈跨界河流合作:进程、机遇与深化路径

Cross Border River Cooperation between China and Kazakhstan:Process,Opportunities,and Deepening Paths

中哈跨界河流合作机制以联合委员会为平台,在水文信息交换、水质保护、水量分配、水利工程合作等方面取得突出成果,中哈两国政治关系的提升、环委会的积极配合及“一带一路”倡议相关政策的支持是推进中哈跨界河流合作的主要因素;同时,中哈跨界河流合作机制也面临一系列挑战;制定切实有效的水资源分配规则,深化跨界河流环保合作,重视跨界含水层条约的签订,构建系统的跨界水合作制度以及多元化的水争端解决方法体系,并提升国际话语权引导国际舆论等是应对挑战,实现中哈跨界水资源可持续利用的关键。

The Sino Kazakhstan cross-border river cooperation mechanism,led by the Joint Committee,has achieved outstanding results in hydrological information exchange,water quality protection,water allocation,water conservancy project cooperation and other aspects.The improvement of political relations between China and Kazakhstan,the active cooperation of the Environment Committee and the support of relevant policies of the"the Belt and Road"initiative are the main factors to promote cross-border river cooperation between China and Kazakhstan;At the same time,the cooperation mechanism also faces a series of challenges:formulating practical and effective rules for water resources allocation,deepening cooperation on environmental protection,emphasizing the signing of cross-border aquifer treaties,building a systematic cross-border water cooperation system and a diversified water dispute resolution method,are key to addressing challenges and realizing the sustainable use of trans-boundary water resources between China and Kazakhstan.