企业数据产权的私法调整路径研究

Researches on Private Law Adjustment Path of Enterprise Data Property Rights

针对数据上的权益配置,应以“要素贡献理论”为正当性来源,由市场评价贡献,由贡献决定数据权益归属。应以企业数据产权架构作为整体数据产权的基础模型,在考察数据生产交易实践中对数据权益的实际需求的前提下,依据数据生产交易需要构建企业数据权益的内容和边界。在企业数据的生产环节赋予企业自生数据主体以完整的企业数据产权,并通过对各类权益的分置来应对流通交易环节所面临的挑战。在尊重数据主体对于企业数据产权的自主分配方案的前提下,明确合同法规范的参照适用规则的同时,对于侵犯企业数据产权的行为,应引入侵权法规范予以救济,以尊重数据主体的各类生产要素贡献,强化基于数据价值创造的激励导向,营造健康、有序的数据要素市场秩序。

For the allocation of rights and interests in data,the"Factor Contribution Theory"should be used as a legitimate source,with contributions evaluated by the market and the ownership of data rights and interests determined by contributions.The enterprise data property rights model should be used as the basic model for overall data property rights.The content and boundaries of enterprise data rights should be constructed based on the needs of data production transactions,while examining the actual demand for data rights in data production transactions.In the production process of enterprise data,the data source is given complete data property rights.The challenges faced in the circulation and transaction process are addressed through the separation of various rights and interests.On the premise of respecting the independent distribution plan of data subjects for data property rights,while clarifying the applicable rules for reference to contract law,tort law should be introduced to remedy violations of enterprise data property rights,in order to respect the contributions of various production factors of data subjects,strengthen incentive guidance based on data value creation,and create a healthy and orderly market order for data elements.