考虑预弯和气弹变形的大型风力机叶片气动外形优化

Aerodynamic optimization of large wind turbine blades considering pre-bending

目前,风力机正朝着大型化和轻量化的趋势发展,导致叶片弹性变形量变大,叶片撞塔风险增加。因此,目前商用大型风力机的叶片大多采用预弯设计,然而企业通常采用工程经验进行预弯设计,缺乏系统科学的预弯设计方法。考虑大型风力机叶片气弹变形与初始预弯设计的内在关系,以降低叶根弯矩为目标,使用粒子群算法对风力机叶片进行气动外形优化设计。结果表明,优化后叶片的叶根弯矩以及叶尖与塔筒之间的净空距离均降低,本设计方法有助于实现风力机的增功降载以及安全稳定运行。

Wind turbines are currently moving towards larger and lighter sizes,resulting in blades that are more susceptible to the elastic deformation and an increased risk of tower collision.As such,most commercial large wind turbine blades are pre-bent to increase the clearance distance between its blades and tower,However,enterprises usually use engineering experience for pre-bending design,lack of systematic and scientific pre-bending design method..In this paper,the intrinsic relationship between the aeroelastic deformation and initial pre-bending of large wind turbine blades is considered,and the particle swarm algorithm is used to optimize the aerodynamic characteristics of wind turbine blades with an objective of reducing the blade root bending moment.Results show that the root bending moment of the optimized blade and the clearance distance between the blade tip and the tower are reduced,which is conducive to the power increase and load reduction as well as the safe and stable operation of the wind turbines.