论负责任创新透明性的实践合理性

On the practical reasonableness of transparency in responsible innovation

负责任创新透明性是一个基于信息的隐喻概念,旨在突出一种与以往创新实践完全不同的、理想的创新实践形态,即能够营造一种有利于实现创新实效和承担创新责任的对所有行动者可见、可参与的公共场域。负责任创新透明性具有内在的实践动机和外在的实践条件,而在具体的实践中负责任创新透明性虽然面临着技术层面的黑箱挑战和社会层面的多手问题、隐私价值冲突、知识产权制度挑战等,但对这些挑战的应对仍然离不开透明性的实践机制。

Responsible innovation transparency is a metaphorical concept based on information.Information-based responsible innova-tion transparency refers to a state in which innovation actors are visible to each other and information asymmetry is reduced;as a meta-phor,responsible innovation transparency encompasses,or even directly equates with,many good social values and ideals on the basis of visibility.In contrast to the invisible innovation practices that belonged to one person or one organization,responsible innovation transparency aims to highlight an ideal innovation practice that is completely different from the previous ones,i.e.,to create a visible and participatory public arena for all actors that is conducive to achieving innovation effectiveness and responsibility.Responsible innovation transparency is a necessary precondition for achieving innovation effectiveness and responsibility.In the concrete innovation practice,although responsible innovation transparency faces challenges at the technical and social levels,the practice mechanism of transparency is still indispensable for coping with these challenges.The technical black box in the practice of responsible innovation transparency can be divided into"technical black box of innovation process"and"technical black box within transparency",and the former can be further divided into"technical black box of innovation results"and"technical black box of innovation tools",The former can be further divided into"technological black box of innovation results"and"technological black box of innovation tools".The complexity and invisibility inside the technology black box poses a serious challenge to responsible innovation transparency practices.However,the opaque technology black box has the ability to reduce information asymmetry and achieve transparency,which is important for knowledge preservation and dissemination,technology application and development.Addressing the challenges of the technology black box requires a combination of"achieving transparent forms of innovation,""ensuring accountability for each innovation,"and"applying the principles of transparency to transparency itself.The combination of the three dimensions of transparency.The societal challenges of responsible innovation transparency include multiple handedness,conflicting privacy values,and intellectual property challenges.Responsible innovation transparency is not only not necessarily and irreconcilably in conflict with attribution of responsibility,protection of privacy values,and safeguarding the rights of innovators,but is a necessary precondition for them.Therefore,the response to the social challenges of responsible innovation transparency practices remains inseparable from the logic of transparency practices.