人口变动新形势下义务教育教师编制动态调整机制研究

Research on the Dynamic Adjustment Mechanism of Authorized Staff Size System for Compulsory Education Teachers under the Background of Population Change

义务教育教师编制既要保证学龄人口享有均等化的教育服务,也应注重提高编制资源的使用效益。当前,义务教育教师编制配置难以适应学龄人口变动带来的师资需求变化,呈现出“无编可用”“超编超员”“超编缺人”和“空编不补”等供需失配样态。编制动态调整面临着多重制度障碍:核定标准单一导致富余与紧缺并存,管理权力分置引发控编与用编冲突,制度性壁垒凸显计划性与流动性悖论。面对人口变动新形势,应构建多维弹性编制核定标准,创新挖潜盘活编制管理制度,完善跨级跨区编制流转机制。

The authorized staff size system for teachers should not only ensure equal educational services for the school-age population,but also focus on improving the efficient use of staffing resources.At present,it is difficult to adapt the author-ized size of teachers to the changes in teacher demand brought about by demographic changes,showing a mismatch between supply and demand,such as"no available staffing""over-staffing and overstaffed""over-staffing and lack of staff"and"staff vacancies not filled".The dynamic adjustment mechanism of authorized staff size system faces multiple institutional obstacles:the single standard of approval leads to surplus and shortage,the separation of management authority leads to con-trol and use conflicts,and institutional barriers highlight the planning and mobility paradox.To cope with the new situation of population changes,we should build a multi-dimensional flexible staffsize approval standard,innovate to tap the potential and revitalize the staff size management system,and improve the cross-level and cross-district staff size flow mechanism.