土壤元素过量驱动人参红皮病形成的研究进展

Research Progress of Driving Force of Excessive Soil Elements on Formation of Ginseng Rusty Root

土壤—植物系统(Soil-plant system)是生物圈的基本结构单元,土壤环境与植物的生长状态息息相关。红皮病是人参栽培过程中一种常见的生理性病害,与土壤环境因子,尤其是土壤元素动态密切相关。土壤中元素过量造成生长发育异常,最终导致人参红皮病发生,严重影响人参品质及人参种植的经济效益。综述了铁、铝、锰、氮等土壤元素过量对植物生长发育的影响,从土壤—植物—微生物互作角度综合分析了土壤元素过量驱动人参红皮病形成的作用机制。最后,根据人参红皮病可能的发生机理,尝试从土壤调控角度开展人参红皮病防治,取得了一定效果。通过对人参红皮病发生机理的深入阐释和病害防治措施的建立,为人参红皮病防治奠定了理论和物质基础。

Soil-plant system is the basic structural unit of the biosphere,and the growth of plants is closely related to soil environment.Ginseng rusty root is a common physiological disease in ginseng cultivation and it is closely related to soil environmental factors,especially dynamic changes of soil elements.Excessive elements in the soil affect the normal growth and development of ginseng and eventually lead to the occurrence of ginseng rusty root,seriously affecting ginseng quality and economic benefits of ginseng cultivation.In this paper,we reviewed the effects of excessive soil elements,such as iron,aluminum,manganese and nitrogen,on plant growth and development.Based on soil-plant-microbial interaction,we comprehensively analyzed the mechanisms of excessive soil elements driving ginseng rusty root.Finally,according to the possible occurrence mechanism of ginseng rusty root,we tried to carry out the disease control from the perspective of soil regulation and achieved certain results.This paper lays a theoretical and material foundation for the prevention and control of ginseng rusty root by explaining the mechanism of disease occurrence and establishing disease control measures.