2012—2022年眉山市艾滋病疫情分析

Analysis of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Meishan from 2012 to 2022

目的分析2012—2022年眉山市HIV/AIDS病例的流行病学特征,为制定艾滋病预防和控制策略提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统艾滋病防治信息系统的疫情数据中下载2012—2022年眉山市报告的HIV/AIDS病例历史卡片,采用WPS 2019软件进行数据整理,SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析。构成比/率的比较采用卡方检验/趋势卡方检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2012—2022年眉山市累计报告HIV/AIDS病例7969例,报告感染率呈现先上升后下降的趋势,2019年达到高峰(0.05%);病例以男性(72.7%)、50岁及以上(49.9%)、文盲和小学(44.7%)、已婚有配偶(54.2%)、汉族(98.4%)和农民(69.6%)人群为主;样本来源主要为一般就诊者检测(61.4%);主要传播途径为异性传播(92.5%),异性传播中的接触史存在明显的性别差异(χ^(2)=1544.392,P<0.001);不同地区、年龄、婚姻状况、民族、文化程度、职业、传播途径及样本来源构成差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论眉山市艾滋病疫情总体呈现上升趋势,需进一步扩大检测范围,最大限度发现隐匿病人,采取防治相结合的全面干预,最大化实现艾滋病防治效果。

Objective To analyse the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases in Meishan City from 2012 to 2022,and to provide scientific basis for HIV/AIDS prevention and control strategies.Methods The history cards of HIV/AIDS cases reported in Meishan city from 2012 to 2022 were downloaded from the HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Information System of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.The data were sorted by WPS 2019 and SPSS 21.0 for statistical analysis.The constituent ratio/rate was compared using Chi-square test/trend Chi-square test.P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results A total of 7969 HIV/AIDS cases were reported in Meishan from 2012 to 2022.The reported infection rate showed an upward trend first and then a downward trend,it reached the peak(0.05%)in 2019,Male(72.7%),over 50years old and above(49.9%),illiterate and primary school(44.7%),married with spouse(54.2%),Han nationality(98.4%)and peasant(69.6%)were the main cases.The main transmission route was heterosexual transmission(92.5%),and there was a significant gender difference in the contact history of heterosexual transmission(χ^(2)=1544.392,P<0.001);There were significant differences among different regions,age,marital status,nationality,education level,occupation,transmission route and sample source composition(All P<0.05).Conclusions The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Meishan city is on the rise.It is necessary to further expand the scope of detection,maximize the detection of hidden patients,and to take comprehensive intervention combined with prevention and treatment to maximize the effect of HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment.