可持续性月球水资源提取利用设计与分析

Design and analysis of sustainable lunar water resources extraction and utilization

月球极区水冰资源开发利用是月球基地建设和可持续性运行的重要支撑技术之一。在对月球南极永久阴影区的工作地点进行选址的基础上,调研了国内外月球极区水冰资源开发利用计划、实施方案和发展趋势。提出了一种可持续性月球极区含冰月壤水资源提取利用方案,由移动式基地载具、原位钻取机器人和可移动式反射镜组三部分组成,具有灵活布置以持续性开采阴影坑内水冰资源的能力。对所设计方案的物质流和能量流进行了计算建模,并进行了程序化分析。计算结果表明,通过提升太阳能传递效率、光电转换效率、热提取加热效率和水电解效率,初始水冰质量含量高于5.0%,可以显著减少系统任务的总能耗。方案设计与分析结果可为中国月球基地任务提供参考。

The extraction and utilization of water ice resources in the lunar polar region is one of the important supporting technologies for the construction and sustainable operation of lunar bases.The development and utilization plan,implementation plan and development trend of water ice resources in the lunar polar region at home and abroad were investigated.Based on the selection of the work site in the permanently shaded regions of the lunar south pole,a system of sustainable lunar water resources extraction and utilization was proposed.The system is composed of three parts:mobile base vehicle,mobile in-situ drilling vehicle and mobile mirror set.It has the ability of flexible arrangement to continuously extract water ice resources in the shadow craters.The material flow and energy flow of the designed scheme were calculated and modeled,and the program analysis was carried out.The calculation results show that improving the solar energy transfer efficiency,photoelectric conversion efficiency,heating efficiency,and electrolysis efficiency,as well as improving the initial water ice content when it is lower than 5.0%,can significantly reduce the total energy consumption of the system task.Reducing the initial temperature of the icy lunar soil and the improvement of water purification efficiency have a negligible increase in the total energy consumption of the mission.The system design and analysis results can provide a reference for China's lunar base mission.