陈英猷象数易学思想解析

Analysis of Chen Yingyou's Image-numerological Thought in the Changes

陈英猷在《演周易》中,根据《易传》中大衍筮法及乾坤策数的相关内容,以每卦阴阳爻数计算六十四卦策数,谓之卦策演数,又结合河图与后天八卦方位设定八卦之数,将卦之动变转化为数字,谓之卦动演数,继而以此数为推演基础,创造了独特的数占方法。并且,用于数占之卦亦可以是卦气值日之卦。陈英猷在继承西汉“六日七分”卦气说的基础上,采取爻变、重卦的方式建立了一种新颖的值日理论。这一卦动演数及数占体系重视象背后数字的神秘力量,过分强调“数定万事万物”的思想,弱化了人的主体性、能动性,亦淡化了易理中可用于指导人生的宏大智慧。

In Yan Zhouyi(Deduction of the Zhou Changes),according to the relative content of dayan shifa大衍筮法(divination method of great expansion)and the yarrow⁃stalk numbers for Qian[■]and Kun[■]mentioned in the Xici zhuan(Great Treatise),Chen Yingyou(1676—1752)calculated the yarrow⁃stalk number of the sixty⁃four hexagrams using the yin⁃yang line⁃number of every hexagram,which is called the deduction number of hexagrams.By combining the He tu(Yellow River Chart)and the position of the eight trigrams of later heaven,he set the number of eight trigrams,and the movements of the trigrams are transformed into numbers,which are called the numbers of trigram movement.Taking the number as deduction basis,a unique method of number⁃oriented divination is created.Moreover,the trigram used for number⁃based divination can also be the hexagram corresponding to certain seasonal points in the gua qi theory(correlating trigrams and hexagrams with seasonal points).On the basis of inheriting the gua qi theory of“six days and seven divisions”popular in the Western Han dynasty(202BCE⁃8CE),Chen Yingyou established a novel theory of changing days of applicability according to gua qi theory by adopting the methods of line⁃changing and doubling of trigrams.This divination system emphasizes the mysterious power of the numbers behind the images,emphasizing excessively the idea of“numbers determining everything”,weakening human subjectivity and initiative,and also diluting the great wisdom in Zhouyi that can be used to guide life.