数字领导力:结构维度和量表开发

Digital Leadership:Structural Dimensions and Scale Development

数字化转型是当前领导面临的主要挑战,传统领导力优势无法自动沿袭到数字时代,数字领导力作为新型领导范式应运而生,成为应对数字化转型的重要力量。数字领导力的结构维度和测量量表等研究尚处于探索阶段,缺乏科学的测量工具导致其实证研究停滞不前。因此,本研究基于定性和定量相结合的方法,探析数字领导力的结构维度和测量量表。研究结果表明,数字领导力是多维度构念,包括数字思维变革能力、数字资源建设能力、数字伦理共情能力和数字认知践行能力四个维度,开发出包括18个题项的数字领导力测量量表。另外,本研究通过相关检验指标和构念对比辨析,表明数字领导力显著区分于变革型领导、平台型领导等领导风格,其独特性能够形成专属的领导理论。

Digitalized transformation is the main challenge faced by current leaders.Traditional leadership advantages can not follow into the digital age automatically.Digital leadership emerges as a new leadership paradigm and becomes an important force to deal with digital transformation.Research on the structural dimension and measurement scale of digital leadership is still in the exploratory stage,and its empirical research stagnates due to the lack of scientific measurement tools.This study defines digital leadership as“digital leadership is a kind of ability to deal with digital environment,and use a series of digital resources to influence the attitude,emotion and behavior of employees,identify and develop the skills needed to implement digital transformation,and ultimately promote the digital transformation of organizations”.This study combines qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the dimension structure and measurement scale of digital leadership.The results show that digital leadership is a multi-dimensional concept,including four dimensions:digital thinking transformation ability,digital resource construction ability,digital ethics empathy ability and digital cognition practice ability.The digital leadership measurement scale including 18 items was developed.Digital thinking transformation ability emphasizes that digital leaders should adjust their digital ability and quality,challenge the existing thinking limitations,and leaders should accept the challenges from digitalization,and use digital thinking to solve adaptability problem reasonably;Digital resource construction ability emphasizes that leaders should be good at data asset management and optimizing the efficiency of resource allocation,so as to realize the effective movement of digital resources and meet the needs of employees for digital resources.Digital leadership can provide the underlying data base for organizational innovation,and constantly put forward the value proposition and innovation paradigm with data;Digital ethical empathy ability emphasizes that leaders should understand employees from the perspective of employees and avoid regarding employees as“digital people”.Leaders should observe human nature,understand human nature,believe in employees'individual development,creativity and reproduction;Digital cognitive practice ability emphasizes that digital leaders should“learn by doing and learning by doing”.The process of digital leadership learning digital knowledge,information,standards,cases and theories is essentially a process of practicing around the goals and paths of enterprise digital transformation,and a process of combining digital theory with digital transformation practice.In addition,this study demonstrates that digital leadership is significantly distinguished from leadership styles such as transformational leadership,platform leadership,and by using correlation test metrics and contrasting constructs,which uniquely enable formation of exclusive leadership theories.This study explored the dimensions of digital leadership and developed the scale.First,the existing digital leadership scale focuses on digital skills,emphasizing the characteristics of instrumental rationality.This study increased the attention to empathy,emotion and other value rationality in the process of developing the scale.Second,the existing dimension division and measurement items are mainly based on the summary of researchers.This study follows the scale development process,carries out exploratory factor analysis,confirmatory factor analysis,related reliability and validity test and robustness test,provides a series of reliable test indicators,ensures the high reliability,validity and scientificity of the digital leadership scale,and provides operable measurement tools.Third,the existing digital leadership scale focuses on the western context.However,there are different cultural backgrounds,institutional foundations and organizational environments between China and the western context.This study follows the scale development process and develops a localized digital leadership scale,so as to enrich the localization theoretical achievements of digital leadership.