转基因蛋白检测技术研究进展与展望

Advancements and Future Perspectives in Transgenic Protein Detection Technology

转基因技术在提高农作物产量、减少环境污染、解决粮食短缺问题等方面发挥了重要的作用,转基因蛋白检测直接检测表达产物,能够实现现场快速检测,在转基因安全监管等方面发挥着重要的作用。介绍了转基因作物的种植情况、检测标准以及转基因蛋白检测相对于核酸检测的优势,综述了目前常用的转基因蛋白检测技术的原理、优缺点及应用范围,包括酶联免疫分析法、免疫印迹法、试纸条法、质谱分析法、生物传感器法、蛋白质阵列法、免疫PCR法。展望了未来转基因蛋白检测技术的发展方向,包括向快速与便携、高通量多靶同检、信号增强与单分子超灵敏检测、集成与全自动化检测等方向发展的可行性。有助于读者掌握转基因蛋白检测技术的现状与发展趋势,同时可作为转基因蛋白检测标准物质研制的参考。

Transgenic technology significantly contributes to enhancing crop yields,mitigating environmental pollution,and addressing food shortages.Central to this technology,transgenic protein assays,which directly detect expression products,facilitate rapid on-site testing and are crucial in transgenic safety regulation.This article delves into the cultivation of transgenic crops,outlines detection standards,and highlights the superiority of transgenic protein detection over nucleic acid assays.It comprehensively reviews the principles,merits,drawbacks,and applications of prevalent transgenic protein detection methods,such as enzyme-linked immunoassay,immunoblotting,test strip methods,mass spectrometry,biosensors,protein arrays,and immuno-PCR.Additionally,the article projects future trends in transgenic protein detection,exploring prospects for rapid,portable,high-throughput,multi-target detection,advanced signal amplification,ultra-sensitive single-molecule detection,and integrated,fully-automated systems.This work offers valuable insights into the current state and future directions of transgenic protein detection technology,serving as a key reference for the development of detection standards in this field.