领域型教育法典中法律责任的规范构造研究

Research on the Normative Construction of Legal Liability for Education Code as a Field of Law

“行政法律责任单独保留+引致性民事、刑事法律责任条款”的技术路径难以形成教育法典法律责任的规范构造。应根据教育法的属性来研判这一议题。问题导向的立法模式和教育法律关系性质的多元化,决定了教育法典应属领域法典。篇章体例方面,法律责任“总则专章+分则补充”的篇章体例更有助于维系领域型教育法典的体系性。编纂理路方面,应遵循领域型法典法律责任固有的编纂理路:首先,分类处理既有责任条款,包括运用引致性条款规定民事与刑事责任,运用引致性条款和具体责任条款规定行政责任;其次,增补一般性责任条款,彰显教育法典的基本价值理念,并实现教育法典与其他立法的衔接;最后,健全与义务相对应的责任条款,确保教育法典的可诉性。

The proposition of“administrative liability being reserved+civil and criminal causative clause”makes it difficult to form a normative construction of legal liability for Education Code.This issue should be studied based on the attributes of education law.The problem-oriented legislative model and the diversification of the nature of educational legal relationships determine that Education Code is a field of law.The chapter style of“general provisions and supplementary provisions”for legal liability is more helpful in maintaining the systematic nature of Education Code as a field of law.In terms of compilation method,it should follow the compilation method of field of laws:firstly,use causative clause to regulate civil and criminal liability and use causative clause and specific liability clauses to regulate administrative liability;secondly,add general liability clauses to highlight the value of Education Code and achieve the connection between Education Code and other legislations;finally,improve the liability clauses corresponding to obligations and enhance the justiciability of Education Code.