基于生态敏感性评价的森林公园生态保护及利用研究--以福州国家森林公园为例

Ecological Protection and Utilization of Forest Park Based on Ecological Sensitivity Evaluation--A Case Study of Fuzhou National Forest Park

对福州国家森林公园生态因子进行选取和等级划分,从地形因子、气象因子和地表因子方面对森林公园进行生态敏感性调查分析,构建森林公园生态敏感性评价体系。采用自然间断法将所得数据划分为生态极度、重度、中度、轻度和不敏感区域5个等级,对森林公园整体生态敏感性进行分析。结果表明,福州国家森林公园表现出较高的生态敏感性,大部分处于生态重度至轻度敏感区域。对2015—2020年福建省生态敏感性分布进行调查分析。结果表明,福建省不同森林公园生态极度、重度、轻度和不敏感4个方面的森林面积整体保持增长趋势,不敏感和轻度生态敏感的森林面积约占总面积的10%,中度生态敏感森林面积呈下降趋势。建议在今后森林公园资源开发利用中注重对生态敏感性的调查分析,对生态中度敏感区域进行基础设置优化和特色开发,减少对生态极度和重度敏感区域的开发,实现对森林公园生态的进一步保护。

The ecological factors of Fuzhou National Forest Park were selected and classified to conduct ecological sensitivity investigation from topographic factors,meteorological factors and surface factors,and construct an ecological sensitivity evaluation system for the forest park.Using the natural discontinuity method,the obtained data was divided into five levels of ecological extreme,severe,moderate,mild sensitivity and insensitivity areas to analyze the overall ecological sensitivity of the forest park.The results showed that Fuzhou National Forest Park showed high ecological sensitivity,and most of the ecological sensitivity was between severe and mild.The survey and analysis of the distribution of ecological sensitivity in Fujian Province from 2015 to 2020 showed that the forest area of different forest parks maintained an overall growth trend in terms of ecological extreme,severe,mild sensitivity and insensitivity,the forest area of insensitivity and mild sensitivity accounted for about 10%of the total area,while the forest area of moderate sensitivity showed a downward trend.This paper recommended to pay attention to the investigation and analysis of ecological sensitivity in the future development and utilization of forest park resources,optimize the basic settings and characteristic development of ecologically moderately sensitive areas,reduce the development of ecologically extremely and severely sensitive areas,and further protect the ecology of forest parks.