妊娠期妇女抑郁情绪影响因素及其与人格特征的相关性

Influencing factors and its correlation of depressive emotions with personality characteristics in pregnant women

目的探讨妊娠期妇女抑郁情绪影响因素,分析抑郁情绪与人格特征的相关性。方法应用一般资料调查表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版(EPQ-RSC)、妊娠压力量表(PPS)对246名妊娠期妇女进行调查,采取Pearson相关分析评估抑郁情绪与人格特征和妊娠压力的相关性,采取Logistic回归分析评估妊娠期妇女抑郁情绪的影响因素。结果完成调查的242名妊娠期妇女中,共有36名孕妇EPDS评分≥13分(抑郁情绪组),206名孕妇EPDS评分<13分(正常组),抑郁情绪检出率为14.88%。抑郁情绪组妊娠期妇女精神质、神经质人格评分,PPS总分及各维度压力源评分均高于正常组,外倾性人格评分低于正常组(P<0.01)。妊娠期妇女抑郁情绪与精神质、神经质人格评分,PPS总分及各维度压力源评分均呈显著正相关,与外倾性人格评分呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。外倾性、精神质、神经质人格评分,PPS总分及文化程度、家庭人均月收入、妊娠意愿、睡眠情况、夫妻关系均是妊娠期妇女抑郁情绪的影响因素(P<0.05或0.01)。结论妊娠期妇女易产生抑郁情绪,且与人格特征、妊娠压力密切相关,医护人员应重视妊娠期妇女抑郁情绪相关影响因素评估,制定科学干预措施,改善抑郁情绪。

Objective To explore the factors influencing depressive emotions in pregnant women and analyze the correlation of depressive emotions with personality characteristics.Methods Surveys were conducted in 246 pregnant women using general information questionnaire,Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale(EPDS),Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese(EPQ-RSC),and Pregnancy Pressure Scale(PPS),the correlations of depressive emotions with personality characteristics and pregnancy stress assessed using Pearson correlation analysis,and factors influencing depressive emotions done using Logistic regression analysis.Results Of 242pregnant women,36 pregnant women had EPDS scores≥13(depressive group) and 206 ones did EPDS scores <13(normal group),the detection rate of depressive emotions was 14.88%.Psychoticism and neuroticism scores as well the total and each dimension score of the PPS were higher and extroversion was lower in depressive than control group(P<0.01).Depressive emotions in pregnant women were significantly positively related to psychoticism and neuroticism scores as well the total and each dimension score of the PPS and negatively to extroversion(P<0.01).Such indexes were all influencing factors of depressive emotions in pregnant women as extroversion,psychoticism and neuroticism score,PPS total score as well as education levels,per capita monthly income,pregnancy intention,sleep,and conjugal relationship(P<0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Pregnant women are prone to develop depressive emotions which are closely related to personality traits and pregnancy stress,attention should be paid to the assessments of factors influencing depressive emotions and scientific interventions formulated to improve depressive emotions.